PAPPA2
PAPPA2 (pappalysin 2) is a secreted metalloproteinase of the pappalysin family that cleaves insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5. It is also known as PAPPE, PAPP-A2 and PLAC3, and is thought to act as a local regulator of IGF bioavailability. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PAPPA2 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PAPPA2 is a metalloproteinase that specifically cleaves insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-5 at the Ser163-Lys164 bond. It shows only limited proteolysis towards IGFBP-3. Because IGFBPs hold IGFs in complexes, cleavage of IGFBP-5 is thought to release IGF, so the enzyme is considered a local regulator of IGF bioavailability.
The PAPPA2 gene encodes a member of the pappalysin family of metzincin metalloproteinases. UniProt assigns the protein to the peptidase M43B family, and it is catalogued under the enzyme class EC 3.4.24.-. HGNC places it in the groups Pappalysins and Sushi domain containing. The mature protein is secreted. NCBI Gene reports that alternative splicing of the PAPPA2 gene results in multiple transcript variants.
The protein was originally named placenta-specific 3, which is the origin of the alias PLAC3. It is also referred to as PAPPE and PAPP-A2. Its closest relative among the pappalysins is PAPPA, and the two are often studied together when examining how IGF signalling is controlled by proteolysis of IGF binding proteins.
PAPPA2 is thought to regulate local IGF bioavailability, making it relevant to studies of how IGF activity is controlled outside the cell.
The enzyme cleaves IGFBP-5 at a defined bond and shows limited activity towards IGFBP-3, providing a model for substrate-specific proteolysis.
As a member of the pappalysin family and peptidase M43B family, PAPPA2 is used to compare metalloproteinase specificity and function.
Its former name, placenta-specific 3, reflects its association with placental research as a secreted protein.
PAPPA2 is a secreted metalloproteinase that specifically cleaves IGFBP-5 at the Ser163-Lys164 bond and shows limited proteolysis towards IGFBP-3. It is thought to act as a local regulator of IGF bioavailability by processing IGF binding proteins.
The HGNC name is pappalysin 2, and UniProt lists Pappalysin-2. Aliases and previous symbols include PAPPE, PAPP-A2 and PLAC3, the last derived from the previous name placenta-specific 3. NCBI Gene notes that alternative splicing yields multiple transcript variants.
Both belong to the pappalysin family of metzincin metalloproteinases, which HGNC groups together. PAPPA2 is assigned to the peptidase M43B family and cleaves IGFBP-5. Mouse and rat orthologs are not given in the data here; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
The closest pappalysin family member with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9BXP8; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.