PROZ
PROZ (protein Z, vitamin K dependent plasma glycoprotein, also known as PZ) is a vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein that helps regulate blood coagulation. It is synthesised in the liver and secreted into the circulation, where it acts as a cofactor in the inhibition of activated factor X. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PROZ research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PROZ appears to assist haemostasis by binding thrombin and promoting its association with phospholipid vesicles. Its best-described role is in the control of coagulation: in the presence of SERPINA10 (protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor), calcium and phospholipids, protein Z inhibits the coagulation protease factor Xa. Per the NCBI Gene summary, the protein complexes with protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor to inhibit activated factor X directly at the phospholipid surface.
The PROZ gene encodes a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that is synthesised in the liver and secreted into the plasma. It belongs to the peptidase S1 family and is classified by HGNC within the Gla domain containing gene group, reflecting its dependence on vitamin K for modification. Alternate splicing of the gene results in multiple transcript variants. The mouse ortholog is designated Proz.
PROZ is relevant to haemostasis and thrombosis research. Deficiencies in the protein are associated with an increased risk of ischaemic arterial diseases and foetal loss, and mutations in the gene are the cause of protein Z deficiency. The protein is also referred to by the previous name protein Z, vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein, and by the alias PZ.
PROZ regulates coagulation by supporting inhibition of activated factor X at the phospholipid surface, making it relevant to studies of haemostatic balance.
Protein Z acts together with SERPINA10, calcium and phospholipids to inhibit factor Xa, providing a model for cofactor-dependent serpin activity.
Deficiency of protein Z is associated with increased risk of ischaemic arterial disease, linking PROZ to studies of arterial thrombotic disorders.
PROZ deficiency is associated with foetal loss, and mutations in the gene cause protein Z deficiency, supporting genetic and reproductive studies.
PROZ appears to assist haemostasis by binding thrombin and promoting its association with phospholipid vesicles. With SERPINA10, calcium and phospholipids, it inhibits factor Xa, so it acts as a negative regulator of blood coagulation at the phospholipid surface.
The HGNC full name is protein Z, vitamin K dependent plasma glycoprotein. UniProt lists it as vitamin K-dependent protein Z, and PZ is a recognised alias. The gene undergoes alternate splicing, which results in multiple transcript variants.
Mutations in PROZ cause protein Z deficiency, and low levels are associated with increased risk of ischaemic arterial diseases and foetal loss. A mouse ortholog, Proz, exists. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other coagulation factors, vitamin K-dependent proteins and serpin partners relevant to haemostasis research.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P22891; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.