PADI6
PADI6 (peptidyl arginine deiminase 6) is a member of the protein arginine deiminase family that has lost catalytic activity and instead acts as a structural constituent of cytoplasmic lattices in oocytes and preimplantation embryos. It plays a key role in early embryonic development. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PADI6 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PADI6 is a structural constituent of cytoplasmic lattices, the fibrous structures found in the cytoplasm of oocytes and preimplantation embryos. These lattices store maternal proteins that are critical for embryonic development, including ribosomal proteins, cytoskeletal tubulins and proteins that control epigenetic reprogramming of the preimplantation embryo. They hold these proteins in a poised but restrained state and so regulate their availability during early development.
PADI6 oligomers act as an essential structural scaffolding element of the lattices. The lattices also tightly control ubiquitination during the oocyte-to-embryo transition, by trapping the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UHRF1 in a compact, autoinhibited conformation and by keeping SCF ubiquitin ligase complexes inactive. NCBI Gene also notes that the protein may play a role in cytoskeletal reorganisation in the egg.
The PADI6 gene encodes a member of the peptidyl arginine deiminase family, whose enzymes catalyse the calcium-dependent conversion of peptidyl arginine to citrulline. Unlike other family members, PADI6 shows no protein-arginine deiminase activity because it cannot bind Ca(2+); UniProt therefore names it inactive protein-arginine deiminase type-6. Its previous HGNC name was peptidyl arginine deiminase, type VI. UniProt records the protein in the cytoplasm, in cortical granules (a type of secretory vesicle) and in the nucleus. The mouse ortholog is Padi6. Family members differ in substrate specificity and tissue-specific expression, and related members include PADI2 and PADI4.
PADI6 is a structural component of the cytoplasmic lattices that store maternal proteins in oocytes and preimplantation embryos.
The protein has a key role in early embryonic development by regulating the availability of stored maternal proteins.
Cytoplasmic lattices hold proteins that control epigenetic reprogramming of the preimplantation embryo in a poised but restrained state.
Lattices trap UHRF1 in an autoinhibited state and keep SCF ubiquitin ligase complexes inactive during the oocyte-to-embryo transition.
PADI6 is a structural constituent of cytoplasmic lattices in oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Its oligomers act as an essential scaffolding element, helping store maternal proteins and restrain ubiquitin ligases such as UHRF1 and SCF complexes during the oocyte-to-embryo transition.
No. Although it belongs to the protein arginine deiminase family, PADI6 shows no deiminase activity because it cannot bind Ca(2+). UniProt lists it as inactive protein-arginine deiminase type-6. Its previous HGNC name was peptidyl arginine deiminase, type VI.
A mouse ortholog, Padi6, is recorded for this gene. Its function in cytoplasmic lattices and early embryonic development is described in the UniProt annotation. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other peptidyl arginine deiminase family members with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q6TGC4; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.