CYP26A1
CYP26A1 (cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily A member 1, also known as P450RAI, CP26, CYP26 and P450RAI1) is an endoplasmic reticulum monooxygenase that hydroxylates retinoic acid. By doing so it helps control retinoic acid homeostasis and signalling. Browse Assay Genie's current range of CYP26A1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
CYP26A1 is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of retinoates, the active metabolites of vitamin A and critical signalling molecules in animals. Retinoic acid exists as at least four isomers: all-trans-RA (atRA), 9-cis-RA, 13-cis-RA and 9,13-dicis-RA. atRA is considered the biologically active isomer, although 9-cis-RA and 13-cis-RA also have activity. The enzyme catalyses hydroxylation of atRA primarily at C-4 and C-18, contributing to the regulation of atRA homeostasis and signalling. This hydroxylation limits the biological activity of atRA and initiates a degradative process leading to its eventual elimination.
CYP26A1 is involved in the conversion of atRA to all-trans-4-oxo-RA and can also metabolise 9-cis, 13-cis and 9,13-di-cis retinoic acid. It can oxidise all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinoate to several metabolites, and it may play a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics such as tazarotenic acid. Through its control of the cellular level of retinoic acid, which is involved in regulating gene expression in both embryonic and adult tissues, the enzyme influences retinoid-dependent processes. The CYP26A1 protein is localised to the endoplasmic reticulum and microsomal membranes.
The CYP26A1 gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, whose monooxygenases catalyse many reactions in drug metabolism and in the synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. HGNC places it in the cytochrome P450 family 26 gene group. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. Earlier names include cytochrome P450, subfamily XXVIA, polypeptide 1, and the mouse ortholog is Cyp26a1.
CYP26A1 hydroxylates atRA at C-4 and C-18, making it a key point of control over retinoic acid homeostasis and signalling.
The enzyme metabolises retinoates, the active metabolites of vitamin A, and initiates a degradative route leading to their elimination.
By setting cellular retinoic acid levels, CYP26A1 affects retinoid-regulated gene expression in both embryonic and adult tissues.
CYP26A1 may contribute to the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics such as tazarotenic acid, linking retinoid biology to drug metabolism.
CYP26A1 is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that hydroxylates all-trans-retinoic acid, mainly at C-4 and C-18. This limits the biological activity of retinoic acid and starts its degradation, so the enzyme helps regulate retinoic acid homeostasis and signalling.
CYP26A1 is also called P450RAI, CP26, CYP26 and P450RAI1. Older names include cytochrome P450, subfamily XXVIA, polypeptide 1. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported for the gene.
A mouse ortholog, Cyp26a1, is recorded for the human gene. CYP26A1 belongs to the cytochrome P450 family, whose members act in drug metabolism and in the synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other cytochrome P450 enzymes, including CYP26 family and vitamin D and steroid metabolising members, with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O43174; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.