TXNDC12
TXNDC12 (thioredoxin domain containing 12) is a protein-disulfide reductase of the endoplasmic reticulum that promotes disulfide bond formation in client proteins. It is also known as TLP19, ERP18, ERP19, hAG-1, AGR1 and PDIA16. Browse Assay Genie's current range of TXNDC12 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
TXNDC12 is a protein-disulfide reductase that resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Through its thiol-disulfide oxidase activity it promotes disulfide bond formation in client proteins. The NCBI Gene summary describes it as mainly involved in catalysing native disulfide bond formation, with activity similar to that of protein-disulfide isomerases. This places it among the oxidoreductases that support correct folding of proteins handled in the ER.
The TXNDC12 gene encodes a member of the thioredoxin superfamily. Members of this family are characterised by a conserved active motif, the thioredoxin fold, which catalyses disulfide bond formation and isomerisation. The TXNDC12 protein localises to the ER lumen and has a single atypical active motif. Alternate splicing of the gene gives rise to both coding and non-coding variants. Orthologues are annotated in mouse and rat as Txndc12.
TXNDC12 may play a role in defence against ER stress, a condition in which protein folding capacity in the ER is challenged. HGNC classifies it within the protein disulfide isomerases, thioredoxin domain containing and oxidoreductase gene groups, and its previous name carried the qualifier "endoplasmic reticulum". The protein has accumulated several aliases over time, including TLP19, ERP18, ERP19, hAG-1, AGR1 and PDIA16, so all of these terms are worth checking when searching the literature.
TXNDC12 promotes disulfide bond formation in client proteins, making it relevant to studies of how native disulfide bonds are established in the ER.
TXNDC12 may play a role in defence against endoplasmic reticulum stress, so it is of interest when examining ER stress responses.
As a thioredoxin-fold protein with a single atypical active motif, TXNDC12 is useful for comparing disulfide catalysts within the superfamily.
TXNDC12 shows activity similar to protein-disulfide isomerases, supporting comparative work on PDI-family members and their ER client proteins.
TXNDC12 is a protein-disulfide reductase of the endoplasmic reticulum. Through its thiol-disulfide oxidase activity it promotes disulfide bond formation in client proteins, and it behaves similarly to protein-disulfide isomerases. It may also contribute to defence against ER stress.
TXNDC12 is also called TLP19, ERP18, ERP19, hAG-1, AGR1 and PDIA16. Its earlier HGNC name was thioredoxin domain containing 12 (endoplasmic reticulum). Alternate splicing produces both coding and non-coding transcript variants, so literature may refer to the gene under several of these names.
Orthologues of the human TXNDC12 gene are annotated in both mouse and rat, each named Txndc12. This supports use of rodent systems for studying ER disulfide bond formation; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other thioredoxin domain-containing proteins and related disulfide-handling oxidoreductases with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O95881; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.