KDM3A
KDM3A (lysine demethylase 3A, also known as JMJD1A, JMJD1, TSGA and KIAA0742) is a histone demethylase that removes methyl groups from lysine 9 of histone H3. Through this activity it regulates transcription in hormone signalling, spermatogenesis and metabolism. Browse Assay Genie's current range of KDM3A research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
KDM3A is a histone demethylase that acts specifically on 'Lys-9' of histone H3, a modification central to the histone code. It prefers mono- and dimethylated H3 K9, with a preference for the dimethylated residue, and shows weak or no activity on trimethylated H3 K9. Demethylation of the lysine residue generates formaldehyde and succinate. The enzyme binds iron ions, and NCBI Gene annotates H3K9me and H3K9me2 demethylase activity, iron ion binding and nuclear androgen receptor binding.
In hormone-dependent transcription, KDM3A is recruited to androgen-receptor target genes, where H3 K9 demethylation leads to transcriptional activation. It is also involved in spermatogenesis, regulating target genes such as PRM1 and TNP1, which are required for packaging and condensation of sperm chromatin. In metabolism, it contributes to obesity resistance through regulation of genes including PPARA and UCP1. The protein is found in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and in the nucleoplasm specifically. The KDM3A gene belongs to the lysine demethylase 3 family, and UniProt places the protein in the JHDM2 histone demethylase family. Mouse and rat both have a Kdm3a ortholog.
The gene was formerly named jumonji domain containing 1 (JMJD1A), and earlier symbols include TSGA and KIAA0742. KDM3A has been implicated in cervical cancer and colon cancer, and is described as a biomarker of Ewing sarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, nasopharynx carcinoma and prostate cancer. These links make it a frequent subject in epigenetics and cancer research.
KDM3A removes mono- and dimethyl marks from H3 K9, making it a useful enzyme for studying how the histone code controls gene expression.
KDM3A is recruited to androgen-receptor target genes, where H3 K9 demethylation drives hormone-dependent transcriptional activation.
KDM3A regulates PRM1 and TNP1, genes required for the packaging and condensation of sperm chromatin.
KDM3A is linked to several cancers and, through PPARA and UCP1 regulation, to obesity resistance.
KDM3A demethylates lysine 9 of histone H3, preferring mono- and dimethylated residues and showing weak or no activity on trimethylated H3 K9. The reaction generates formaldehyde and succinate. This activity supports transcriptional activation at androgen-receptor target genes, spermatogenesis and metabolic gene regulation.
KDM3A is also called JMJD1A, JMJD1, TSGA, KIAA0742 and JHMD2A. Earlier names include jumonji domain containing 1, jumonji domain containing 1A and lysine (K)-specific demethylase 3A. UniProt lists the protein as lysine-specific demethylase 3A, a member of the JHDM2 family.
Mouse and rat both carry a Kdm3a ortholog, so the gene is conserved across these species; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity. KDM3A is implicated in cervical and colon cancer, and is a biomarker of Ewing sarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, nasopharynx carcinoma and prostate cancer.
Other lysine demethylases and histone-modifying enzymes studied alongside KDM3A in epigenetics research.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9Y4C1; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.