PTPN6
PTPN6 (protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6, also known as SHP-1, SHP1, PTP-1C, HCP and HCPH) is a non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase that restrains immune signalling and supports haematopoiesis by dephosphorylating receptors and cytoplasmic signalling proteins. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PTPN6 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PTPN6 is a tyrosine phosphatase that plays important roles in controlling immune signalling pathways and fundamental physiological processes such as haematopoiesis. It dephosphorylates and negatively regulates several receptor tyrosine kinases, including EGFR, PDGFR and FGFR, thereby modulating their signalling. When recruited to receptors carrying immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), such as LILRB1, PDCD1, CD3D, CD22 and CLEC12A, it initiates their dephosphorylation and inhibits downstream signalling. It also modulates cytokine receptors, including the IL-4 receptor.
Beyond receptors, PTPN6 targets cytoplasmic signalling molecules including STING1, LCK and STAT1, linking it to T-cell activation and cGAS-STING signalling. In the nucleus it negatively regulates transcription factors such as NFAT5 by direct dephosphorylation, and it acts as a transcriptional regulator of hepatic gluconeogenesis, controlling recruitment of RNA polymerase II to the PCK1 promoter together with STAT5A.
The PTPN6 gene encodes a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, assigned to the non-receptor class 2 subfamily and to the SH2 domain-containing gene group. Its N-terminal region contains two tandem Src homology 2 (SH2) domains, which bind phosphotyrosine and mediate interaction with substrates. The protein is expressed primarily in haematopoietic cells, where it regulates multiple signalling pathways. PTPs as a group regulate cell growth, differentiation, the mitotic cycle and oncogenic transformation. Alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. Mouse and rat both carry a Ptpn6 ortholog.
PTPN6 is recruited to ITIM-containing receptors such as PDCD1 and LILRB1, where it dephosphorylates signalling components and inhibits downstream events.
Expressed primarily in haematopoietic cells, PTPN6 regulates multiple signalling pathways and supports haematopoiesis.
PTPN6 targets STING1 and STAT1, making it relevant to studies of cGAS-STING signalling and cytokine receptor responses such as IL-4.
By dephosphorylating EGFR, PDGFR and FGFR, PTPN6 negatively regulates growth factor signalling linked to cell growth and differentiation.
PTPN6 is a tyrosine phosphatase that removes phosphate groups from receptors and signalling proteins. It negatively regulates RTKs such as EGFR, PDGFR and FGFR, inhibits ITIM-containing immune receptors, and acts on targets including LCK, STAT1 and STING1. It also regulates NFAT5 and PCK1 transcription in the nucleus.
PTPN6 is also called SHP-1, SHP1, PTP-1C, HCP and HCPH. The approved HGNC name is protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6. The UniProt entry names it tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6. Multiple alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.
Yes. Mouse and rat both have a Ptpn6 ortholog of the human gene. The protein belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, non-receptor class 2 subfamily. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases with related roles in cell signalling.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P29350; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.