PLCG2
PLCG2 (phospholipase C gamma 2) is a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C that generates the second messengers diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. It is a transmembrane signalling enzyme that relays signals from growth factor and immune system receptors. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PLCG2 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PLCG2 is a crucial enzyme in transmembrane signalling. Once activated, this phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C catalyses the conversion of 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate into 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), using calcium as a cofactor. IP3 and DAG are second messenger molecules, and they are important for transmitting signals from growth factor receptors and immune system receptors across the cell membrane.
The protein, formally named 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2, is annotated in UniProt as localising to membrane rafts. The HGNC places the PLCG2 gene within several groups: phospholipases, SH2 domain containing proteins, C2 domain containing phospholipases and SH3 domain containing proteins. The previous HGNC name was phospholipase C, gamma 2 (phosphatidylinositol-specific). Researchers studying the PLCG2 gene or protein often examine it alongside its relative PLCG1, which belongs to the same gamma class of phospholipase C enzymes.
PLCG2 is relevant to human disease. Mutations in this gene have been found in autoinflammation, antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation syndrome, and in familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 3. These associations reflect the enzyme's role in coupling immune system receptors to intracellular second messenger production, which makes it a frequent subject in studies of immune signalling and inflammation. Mouse and rat orthologs, both named Plcg2, allow these pathways to be examined in common rodent models.
PLCG2 transmits signals from immune system receptors across the cell membrane through IP3 and DAG production, making it central to studies of immune cell activation.
Mutations in PLCG2 are found in autoinflammation, antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation syndrome, and in familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 3.
The enzyme hydrolyses phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate into IP3 and DAG, so it is a model for studying phosphoinositide turnover and calcium-dependent catalysis.
PLCG2 helps relay signals from growth factor receptors across the membrane, supporting work on how receptor activation is converted into second messenger responses.
PLCG2 is a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. It catalyses the conversion of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to IP3 and diacylglycerol, using calcium as a cofactor. These second messengers carry signals from growth factor and immune system receptors across the cell membrane.
The HGNC full name is phospholipase C gamma 2, previously phospholipase C, gamma 2 (phosphatidylinositol-specific). UniProt names the protein 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2. No alternative gene symbols are listed. Its enzyme classification is EC 3.1.4.11.
Mutations in PLCG2 have been found in autoinflammation, antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation syndrome, and in familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 3. Mouse and rat both have a Plcg2 ortholog; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other phospholipase C gamma enzymes and phosphoinositide signalling targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P16885; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.