GYPA
GYPA (glycophorin A, also known as GPA, MN, CD235a, PAS-2 and MNS) is a major sialoglycoprotein of the human erythrocyte membrane. It carries the antigenic determinants of the MN blood group and acts as a host receptor for a Plasmodium falciparum adhesin. Browse Assay Genie's current range of GYPA research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
GYPA encodes glycophorin A, a major sialoglycoprotein of the human erythrocyte membrane. It bears the antigenic determinants for the MN blood group, and together with glycophorin B (GYPB), which carries the Ss determinants, it defines the MNS blood group system. UniProt also records a role in infection: glycophorin A is a receptor for P. falciparum erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 (EBA-175), and this binding depends on sialic acid residues of the O-linked glycans.
The protein is a cell membrane component and belongs to the glycophorin A family. The HGNC places the gene in the groups for blood group antigens and CD molecules, which is why the protein is also designated CD235a. The M or N and S or s antigens occur commonly in all populations, but about 40 related variant phenotypes have been described. These include the variants of the Miltenberger complex, several isoforms of Sta, Dantu, Sat, He and Mg, and the deletion variants Ena, S-s-U- and Mk. Most of these variants result from gene recombinations between GYPA and GYPB.
The symbol has been used under several names, including glycophorin A (includes MN blood group) and glycophorin A (MN blood group), and aliases such as GPA, MN, PAS-2 and MNS appear in the literature. Researchers studying red cell biology, blood group genetics or malaria invasion may therefore search under any of these terms. The mouse ortholog is designated Gypa.
GYPA carries the MN antigens, and variant phenotypes arising from GYPA and GYPB recombination make it a key gene for studying MNS diversity.
As a major sialoglycoprotein of the red cell membrane, glycophorin A is a standard subject in studies of erythrocyte surface composition.
Glycophorin A is a receptor for P. falciparum EBA-175, with binding dependent on sialic acid on O-linked glycans.
Designated CD235a, GYPA belongs to the CD molecule group and is relevant to the identification and characterisation of erythroid cells.
GYPA encodes glycophorin A, a major sialoglycoprotein of the human erythrocyte membrane that bears the MN blood group antigens. UniProt also annotates it as a receptor for P. falciparum EBA-175, with binding dependent on sialic acid residues of O-linked glycans.
The HGNC name is glycophorin A (MNS blood group), and the UniProt name is Glycophorin-A. Aliases include GPA, MN, CD235a, PAS-2 and MNS. Earlier names were glycophorin A (includes MN blood group) and glycophorin A (MN blood group).
GYPA and GYPB together carry the MN and Ss determinants. About 40 variant phenotypes are known, including Miltenberger variants, Dantu and Mk, and most arise from gene recombinations between GYPA and GYPB. The mouse ortholog is Gypa; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other glycophorins, red cell membrane proteins and blood group antigens with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P02724; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.