DSG1
DSG1 (desmoglein 1, also known as CDHF4 or DSG) is a cadherin-like transmembrane glycoprotein and a component of desmosome cell-cell junctions. It supports cellular adhesion, keratinocyte differentiation and the integrity of the epidermal barrier. Browse Assay Genie's current range of DSG1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
DSG1 is a component of desmosome cell-cell junctions, which are required for positive regulation of cellular adhesion. Desmosomes help resist shearing forces and are found in high concentrations in cells subject to mechanical stress. Beyond its structural role, DSG1 promotes keratinocyte differentiation through interaction with ERBIN. By promoting ERBIN localisation to the cell membrane and its interaction with SHOC2, DSG1 competitively reduces the formation of RAS-SHOC2 ERK-activating complexes, lowering RAS/ERK signalling in keratinocytes.
DSG1 also mediates the interaction between the desmosome and the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex. Through this interaction it promotes keratinocyte differentiation by deneddylation of EGFR, which reduces EGFR protein stabilisation and its translocation away from the cell membrane. The protein is critical for epidermal integrity and skin barrier function, may mediate the inflammatory response in the epidermis, and is required for recovery of epidermal architecture and correct expression of differentiation markers after UVB exposure. It is also needed for esophageal epithelial barrier integrity and correct intercellular spacing in differentiated esophageal epithelium, and may be required for OCLN involvement in tight junctions.
The DSG1 gene encodes a member of the desmoglein subfamily, which, along with the desmocollins, forms the cadherin-like transmembrane glycoproteins that are major desmosomal components. The gene lies in a cluster with other desmoglein family members on chromosome 18. The DSG1 protein is a target of autoantibodies in the autoimmune blistering disease pemphigus foliaceus, and disruption of the gene has been associated with palmoplantar keratoderma and erythroderma. UniProt lists localisation to the cell membrane, desmosome, cytoplasm and nucleus.
DSG1 is critical for epidermal integrity and skin barrier function, making it a key target for studying how stratified epithelia maintain their structure.
DSG1 promotes keratinocyte differentiation through ERBIN, reduced RAS/ERK signalling and CSN-mediated EGFR deneddylation, linking adhesion to signalling.
DSG1 is an autoantibody target in pemphigus foliaceus, so it is central to research on desmosomal autoimmunity.
Disruption of DSG1 is associated with palmoplantar keratoderma and erythroderma, and it is required for esophageal epithelial barrier integrity.
DSG1 is a desmosomal cadherin that supports cell-cell adhesion and epidermal barrier function. It also promotes keratinocyte differentiation by reducing RAS/ERK signalling via ERBIN and SHOC2, and by linking the desmosome to the COP9 signalosome, which leads to EGFR deneddylation.
DSG1 is the HGNC symbol for desmoglein 1, and UniProt names the protein Desmoglein-1. Alternative symbols are CDHF4 and DSG. The gene belongs to the HGNC group of desmosomal cadherins and sits in a cluster of desmoglein genes on chromosome 18.
DSG1 is a target of autoantibodies in pemphigus foliaceus, and its disruption has been associated with palmoplantar keratoderma and erythroderma. The mouse ortholog is Dsg1a. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other desmoglein family members that share the desmosomal cadherin family with DSG1.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q02413; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.