PIAS2
PIAS2 (protein inhibitor of activated STAT 2) is an E3 SUMO-protein ligase of the PIAS family that also acts as a transcriptional coregulator. It is also known as PIASX-ALPHA, PIASX-BETA, miz, ZMIZ4 and ARIP3. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PIAS2 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PIAS2 functions as an E3-type small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase. It stabilises the interaction between the SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBE2I and the substrate, and it also serves as a SUMO-tethering factor. Beyond its ligase activity, PIAS2 is a transcriptional coregulator in several pathways, including the STAT pathway, the p53 pathway and steroid hormone signalling. Depending on biological context and the isoform studied, its effects can be transactivation or silencing, although it appears to be mostly involved in gene silencing.
Substrate handling differs between isoforms. PIAS2-beta, but not PIAS2-alpha, promotes MDM2 sumoylation, and it promotes NCOA2 sumoylation more efficiently than PIAS2-alpha. PIAS2-alpha promotes PARK7 sumoylation and sumoylates PML at Lys-65 and Lys-160. PIAS2 also binds sumoylated ELK1 and enhances its transcriptional activity by preventing ELK1 from recruiting HDAC2, which reverses SUMO-mediated repression of ELK1 transactivation. NCBI Gene reports that isoforms of the protein enhance sumoylation of the p53 tumour suppressor, c-Jun and the androgen receptor.
The PIAS2 gene belongs to the zinc fingers MIZ-type group and encodes a member of the PIAS family. Alternatively spliced transcript variants give rise to multiple isoforms, and a pseudogene lies on the short arm of chromosome 4. The symbol MIZ1 has been associated with ZBTB17, a different gene on chromosome 1, so care is needed when searching under the alias miz. PIAS2 localises to nuclear speckles and PML bodies within the nucleus. Mouse and rat both carry a Pias2 ortholog.
PIAS2 acts as an E3 SUMO ligase that stabilises UBE2I-substrate interaction, making it a model for how SUMO is attached to specific targets.
As a coregulator in the STAT, p53 and steroid hormone pathways, PIAS2 is studied for its largely gene-silencing effects.
Isoforms enhance p53 sumoylation, and PIAS2-beta promotes MDM2 sumoylation, linking the protein to tumour suppressor regulation.
PIAS2 localises to PML bodies and nuclear speckles, and PIAS2-alpha sumoylates PML at defined lysine residues.
PIAS2 is an E3-type SUMO ligase that stabilises the interaction between UBE2I and its substrate, and acts as a SUMO-tethering factor. It also coregulates transcription in the STAT, p53 and steroid hormone pathways, and is mostly involved in gene silencing.
PIAS2 is also called PIASX-ALPHA, PIASX-BETA, miz, ZMIZ4 and ARIP3. Alternative splicing produces multiple isoforms, including PIAS2-alpha and PIAS2-beta, which differ in substrates: for example, only PIAS2-beta promotes MDM2 sumoylation.
Mouse and rat each have a Pias2 ortholog. Isoforms of the human protein enhance sumoylation of p53, c-Jun and the androgen receptor. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other PIAS family SUMO E3 ligases with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O75928; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.