PPP1R11 has two described activities. It is an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), and NCBI Gene describes it as a specific inhibitor with differential sensitivity toward the metal-independent and metal-dependent forms of PP1. It is also an atypical E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. In this role it ubiquitinates TLR2 at Lys-754, which leads to degradation of TLR2 by the proteasome.

Through the ubiquitination and degradation of TLR2, PPP1R11 contributes, at least in part, to the regulation of inflammatory cytokine release and to gram-positive bacterial clearance. That makes it a point of interest for researchers studying how innate immune receptor levels are controlled after activation. Researchers working with the PPP1R11 protein can therefore study both phosphatase regulation and ubiquitin-dependent receptor turnover.

The PPP1R11 gene sits on chromosome 6, within the major histocompatibility complex class I region. HGNC places the gene in two groups: protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunits, and cilia and flagella associated. The aliases reflect this history. HCGV and HCG-V come from the gene's genomic context, Tctex5 and TCTE5 are t-complex-associated names, and CFAP255 is the cilia and flagella associated name. The previous HGNC name was protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 11. Mouse and rat both have a Ppp1r11 ortholog, which supports comparative work in rodent models. Researchers often use a PPP1R11 antibody or a PPP1R11 ELISA kit to follow expression in these systems.