RGS3
RGS3 (regulator of G protein signalling 3, also known as C2PA, PDZ-RGS3 and FLJ20370) is a GTPase-activating protein that dampens signalling from heterotrimeric G proteins. It belongs to the RGS family and contains C2 and PDZ domains. Browse Assay Genie's current range of RGS3 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
RGS3 down-regulates signalling from heterotrimeric G proteins by increasing the GTPase activity of the G protein alpha subunits. This drives the alpha subunits into their inactive, GDP-bound form and so shortens the duration of receptor-initiated signals. As a result, the RGS3 protein reduces G protein-mediated release of inositol phosphates and limits activation of MAP kinases.
The RGS3 gene encodes a member of the regulator of G-protein signalling family, classed by HGNC within the regulators of G-protein signalling, C2 domain containing and PDZ domain containing gene groups. Alternative splicing and the use of alternative promoters give rise to multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Long isoforms are largely cytosolic and associated with the plasma membrane, and have been linked to Wnt signalling and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Shorter, N-terminally truncated isoforms can be nuclear, which fits the cytoplasmic, nuclear and cell membrane localisation recorded for the protein.
The gene has also been listed under the previous names regulator of G-protein signalling 3 and regulator of G-protein signalling 3, and under the symbols C2PA, FLJ20370 and PDZ-RGS3. Orthologous Rgs3 genes are present in mouse and rat, so the protein can be studied in common rodent models. Because isoforms differ in size and location, it is worth considering which form of RGS3 an experiment is intended to address.
RGS3 accelerates GTP hydrolysis by G protein alpha subunits, making it a useful model for how signals from heterotrimeric G proteins are switched off.
RGS3 down-regulates G protein-mediated release of inositol phosphates, so it is relevant to studies of how this second messenger response is restrained.
The protein reduces G protein-mediated activation of MAP kinases, which makes it relevant to work on how upstream receptor signals are limited.
Long RGS3 isoforms are linked to Wnt signalling and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, providing a route into studies of these processes.
RGS3 is a GTPase-activating protein. It increases the GTPase activity of heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits, driving them into the inactive GDP-bound state. In this way it down-regulates G protein-mediated release of inositol phosphates and activation of MAP kinases.
Yes. RGS3 is also called C2PA, PDZ-RGS3 and FLJ20370. Alternative splicing and alternative promoters produce several isoforms. Long isoforms are mainly cytosolic and plasma membrane-associated, while shorter N-terminally truncated isoforms can be nuclear.
Mouse and rat both have an ortholog named Rgs3, so the gene is conserved in common rodent models. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity before using it in a given species.
Other members of the regulator of G protein signalling family that act on heterotrimeric G protein signalling.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P49796; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.