ITGA2B
ITGA2B (integrin subunit alpha 2b, also known as CD41, CD41B, GPIIb, GP2B and PPP1R93) is the alpha chain of the platelet integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3. This cell adhesion receptor mediates platelet aggregation and has a central role in blood coagulation. Browse Assay Genie's current range of ITGA2B research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
ITGA2B pairs with integrin beta-3 (ITGB3) to form integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3, a receptor for fibronectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin. The receptor recognises the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands, and it recognises the sequence H-H-L-G-G-G-A-K-Q-A-G-D-V in the fibrinogen gamma chain. Following activation, alpha-IIb/beta-3 brings about platelet-platelet interaction through binding of soluble fibrinogen. This step leads to rapid platelet aggregation, which physically plugs the ruptured endothelial cell surface.
The ITGA2B gene encodes a member of the integrin alpha chain family. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed into light and heavy chains, which associate through disulfide linkages to form the alpha-IIb subunit of the alpha-IIb/beta-3 cell adhesion receptor. The ITGA2B protein is found at the cell membrane. Alpha-IIb/beta-3 is also the receptor for the erythrocyte-specific ligand ICAM4, which is involved in heterotypic cell-cell adhesion between erythrocytes and activated platelets.
Mutations in the ITGA2B gene are associated with platelet-type bleeding disorders characterised by a failure of platelet aggregation, including Glanzmann thrombasthenia. The gene has been listed under several names, including platelet glycoprotein IIb of the IIb/IIIa complex and antigen CD41. HGNC places it in the groups of CD molecules, integrin alpha subunits, protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunits and human platelet antigens. The mouse ortholog is Itga2b.
ITGA2B, as part of alpha-IIb/beta-3, binds soluble fibrinogen after activation, driving the platelet-platelet interaction that leads to rapid aggregation.
The alpha-IIb/beta-3 receptor plays a crucial role in the blood coagulation system by mediating platelet aggregation at sites of vascular injury.
Mutations in ITGA2B are associated with platelet-type bleeding disorders, including Glanzmann thrombasthenia, which involve failure of platelet aggregation.
Alpha-IIb/beta-3 recognises R-G-D sequences in many ligands, making it a model for studying integrin-ligand binding and cell adhesion.
ITGA2B forms the alpha-IIb/beta-3 integrin with ITGB3. After activation this receptor binds soluble fibrinogen, linking platelets together and causing rapid aggregation that plugs ruptured endothelium. It also binds ICAM4 on erythrocytes, mediating adhesion between erythrocytes and activated platelets.
ITGA2B is also called CD41, CD41B, GPIIb, GP2B and PPP1R93, and the protein is named integrin alpha-IIb. Older HGNC names describe it as platelet glycoprotein IIb of the IIb/IIIa complex. It is processed into light and heavy chains joined by disulfide linkages.
Mutations in ITGA2B are associated with platelet-type bleeding disorders marked by failure of platelet aggregation, including Glanzmann thrombasthenia. The mouse ortholog is Itga2b. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other integrin alpha subunits and related adhesion receptors with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P08514; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.