SLC5A1
SLC5A1 (solute carrier family 5 member 1, also known as SGLT1, SGLT-1, NAGT and D22S675) is an electrogenic Na(+)-coupled sugar symporter. It is the primary mediator of dietary glucose and galactose uptake from the intestinal lumen. Browse Assay Genie's current range of SLC5A1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
SLC5A1 actively transports D-glucose or D-galactose across the plasma membrane, coupling the movement of sugar to sodium at a Na(+) to sugar ratio of 2:1. The transport is electrogenic and is driven by the transmembrane Na(+) electrochemical gradient set by the Na(+)/K(+) pump. In enterocytes, SLC5A1 is responsible for absorbing D-glucose and D-galactose across the apical brush-border membrane, while basolateral exit is provided by GLUT2. This gives it a primary role in moving dietary monosaccharides from enterocytes to blood.
The protein has several roles beyond absorption. In enteroendocrine cells it acts as a D-glucose sensor, triggering secretion of the incretins GCG and GIP, which control food intake and energy homeostasis. Together with SGLT2, it contributes to reabsorption of D-glucose from glomerular filtrate, with a nonredundant role in the S3 segment of the proximal tubules. It also transports D-glucose into endometrial epithelial cells, controlling glycogen synthesis and nutritional support for the embryo, as well as decidual transformation of the endometrium before conception. In addition, SLC5A1 acts as a water channel, allowing passive water transport in response to the osmotic gradient created by sugar and Na(+) uptake. Its water conductivity is high, comparable to aquaporins, so it is expected to contribute to transepithelial water permeability, especially in the small intestine.
The SLC5A1 gene encodes an integral membrane protein of the sodium-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT) family, which belongs to the sodium:solute symporter family (TC 2.A.21) and the HGNC solute carrier family 5 group. Mutations in the gene have been associated with glucose-galactose malabsorption. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been reported. The mouse and rat orthologs are both named Slc5a1.
SLC5A1 mediates uptake of dietary glucose and galactose across the apical brush-border membrane of enterocytes, making it central to studies of monosaccharide transport.
As a D-glucose sensor in enteroendocrine cells, SLC5A1 triggers secretion of GCG and GIP, which control food intake and energy homeostasis.
Together with SGLT2, SLC5A1 reabsorbs D-glucose from glomerular filtrate and has a nonredundant role in the S3 segment of the proximal tubules.
SLC5A1 acts as a water channel with conductivity comparable to aquaporins, so it is relevant to transepithelial water permeability in the small intestine.
SLC5A1 is an electrogenic Na(+)-coupled symporter that transports D-glucose or D-galactose across the plasma membrane at a 2:1 Na(+) to sugar ratio. It absorbs dietary sugars in the intestine, senses glucose in enteroendocrine cells, helps reabsorb glucose in the kidney and also conducts water.
SLC5A1 is also called SGLT1, SGLT-1, NAGT and D22S675. Its UniProt name is sodium/glucose cotransporter 1, and an earlier HGNC name was solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose cotransporter), member 1. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.
Mutations in SLC5A1 have been associated with glucose-galactose malabsorption. Orthologs exist in both mouse and rat, where the gene is named Slc5a1. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other solute carrier transporters with epithelial and membrane transport roles that have pages at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P13866; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.