PLD2
PLD2 (phospholipase D2) is a membrane-associated enzyme of the phospholipase D family that acts selectively on phosphatidylcholine. It hydrolyses this lipid to phosphatidic acid and choline, and has been linked to cytoskeletal regulation and endocytosis. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PLD2 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PLD2 functions as a phospholipase that is selective for phosphatidylcholine. The enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidic acid and choline. Its activity is enhanced by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and by ADP-ribosylation factor-1, which places the enzyme under the control of lipid and small GTPase inputs at the membrane.
The protein localises to the cell membrane, where it is found at the peripheral membrane. UniProt notes that it may have a role in signal-induced cytoskeletal regulation and/or endocytosis. The NCBI Gene summary adds that it may be involved in cytoskeletal organisation, cell cycle control, transcriptional regulation and regulated secretion. These functions are described as possible roles, so they are best treated as areas for investigation rather than settled conclusions.
The PLD2 gene belongs to the phospholipase D family and is classed by HGNC in the phospholipases gene group. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been reported. Mouse and rat both have a Pld2 ortholog, so the protein can be studied in common rodent models. Researchers working on PLD2 often compare it with related family members such as PLD1 and PLD3 when examining how phospholipid signalling is organised at cellular membranes.
PLD2 generates phosphatidic acid and choline from phosphatidylcholine, making it a useful enzyme for studying membrane lipid turnover and its regulation by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate.
PLD2 may contribute to signal-induced cytoskeletal regulation and organisation, so it is studied in work on how membrane lipid changes relate to cytoskeletal dynamics.
PLD2 has been proposed to act in endocytosis and regulated secretion, which makes it relevant to studies of membrane trafficking.
The NCBI Gene summary suggests PLD2 may take part in cell cycle control and transcriptional regulation, providing a basis for mechanistic studies.
PLD2 is a phospholipase that is selective for phosphatidylcholine, hydrolysing it to phosphatidic acid and choline. Its activity is enhanced by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and ADP-ribosylation factor-1. It may also be involved in cytoskeletal regulation, endocytosis and regulated secretion.
Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for the PLD2 gene. The official name is phospholipase D2, and the protein is a member of the phospholipase D family. No other aliases are listed by HGNC. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Yes. Mouse and rat each have an ortholog named Pld2, so the enzyme can be investigated in standard rodent models. PLD2 is classed with the phospholipase D family, and related human family members include PLD1 and PLD3.
Other phospholipase D family members and related phospholipid-signalling targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O14939; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.