FLRT2
FLRT2 (fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 2) is a type I transmembrane protein of the FLRT family of cell adhesion molecules. It functions in cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and axon guidance during embryonic neural and vascular development. Browse Assay Genie's current range of FLRT2 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
FLRT2 mediates cell-cell adhesion through its interactions with ADGRL3 and probably other latrophilins expressed on the surface of adjacent cells. It also acts as a repulsive guidance cue: through its interaction with UNC5D, and possibly other UNC-5 family members, it mediates axon growth cone collapse and contributes to neuron guidance. The NCBI Gene summary describes it as both a homophilic cell adhesion molecule and a heterophilic chemorepellent acting through members of the uncoordinated-5 receptor family.
The FLRT2 gene encodes a type I transmembrane protein. Its extracellular region contains an N-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain and a type 3 fibronectin domain, followed by a transmembrane domain and a short C-terminal cytoplasmic tail. UniProt records localisation to the cell membrane, focal adhesions and the extracellular space, as well as the synapse. Proteolytic removal of the extracellular region controls the migration of neurons in the developing cortex, and FLRT2 may support cortical neuron migration through UNC5D. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. HGNC places the protein in the fibronectin type III domain containing gene group.
Beyond the nervous system, FLRT2 plays a role in fibroblast growth factor-mediated signalling cascades. It is required for normal organisation of the cardiac basement membrane during embryogenesis, and for normal embryonic epicardium and heart morphogenesis. FLRT family members regulate early embryonic vascular and neural development, which makes FLRT2 a useful target for developmental biology studies. Related family members include FLRT1 and FLRT3.
FLRT2 acts as a repulsive cue that mediates growth cone collapse through UNC-5 family receptors such as UNC5D.
Proteolytic removal of the FLRT2 extracellular region controls neuronal migration in the developing cortex, and UNC5D interaction may contribute.
FLRT2 is required for cardiac basement membrane organisation and for normal epicardium and heart morphogenesis in the embryo.
FLRT2 binds latrophilins such as ADGRL3 across adjacent cells and contributes to fibroblast growth factor-mediated signalling cascades.
FLRT2 functions in cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and axon guidance. It binds latrophilins such as ADGRL3 on adjacent cells and acts as a chemorepellent through UNC-5 family receptors including UNC5D. It also contributes to fibroblast growth factor signalling and to heart development in the embryo.
FLRT2 is a type I transmembrane protein with an extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain and a type 3 fibronectin domain, a transmembrane segment and a short cytoplasmic tail. Per NCBI Gene, alternative splicing of the FLRT2 gene yields multiple transcript variants. UniProt names it leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein FLRT2.
Mouse and rat both have a Flrt2 ortholog, so the protein can be studied in common rodent models of development. Mouse and rat orthologs are relevant to the embryonic heart and neural functions described for FLRT2; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other FLRT family members involved in cell adhesion and neural and vascular development.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O43155; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.