TET2
TET2 (tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2) is a nuclear dioxygenase that converts 5-methylcytosine in genomic DNA into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, a key step in active DNA demethylation. It was previously known as KIAA1546 and tet oncogene family member 2, with FLJ20032 as a further alias. Browse Assay Genie's current range of TET2 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
TET2 is a dioxygenase that catalyses the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). It shows a preference for 5hmC in CpG motifs and also mediates the subsequent conversion of 5hmC into 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and of 5fC into 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). These oxidation steps probably constitute the first stage of cytosine demethylation. Methylation at the C5 position of cytosine is an epigenetic modification of the mammalian genome that plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, so TET2 activity bears directly on how genes are switched on and off.
Beyond DNA demethylation, the TET2 protein is involved in recruiting the O-GlcNAc transferase OGT to CpG-rich transcription start sites of active genes. This promotes histone H2B GlcNAcylation by OGT, linking the enzyme to chromatin modification as well as to DNA modification. UniProt records the protein in the nucleus and associated with chromosomes, and classifies it in the TET family. In the HGNC gene group, it sits in the Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase family alongside TET1 and TET3. A mouse ortholog, Tet2, is recognised.
According to the NCBI Gene summary, the TET2 gene encodes a methylcytosine dioxygenase involved in myelopoiesis, and defects in the gene have been associated with several myeloproliferative disorders. Two variants encoding different isoforms have been reported. The earlier name, tet oncogene family member 2, and the symbol KIAA1546 reflect the history of the gene before its enzymatic function was established.
TET2 oxidises 5mC to 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC, making it central to studies of active DNA demethylation and cytosine modification.
Cytosine methylation shapes transcriptional regulation, and TET2 helps recruit OGT to CpG-rich start sites of active genes.
TET2 is involved in myelopoiesis, and defects in the gene are associated with several myeloproliferative disorders.
Through OGT recruitment, TET2 promotes histone H2B GlcNAcylation, connecting DNA modification with histone marks.
TET2 is a dioxygenase that converts 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, and then into 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine, probably the first step of cytosine demethylation. It also helps recruit OGT to CpG-rich transcription start sites, promoting histone H2B GlcNAcylation.
TET2 is also known as methylcytosine dioxygenase TET2 and tet oncogene family member 2. Earlier symbols and aliases include KIAA1546 and FLJ20032. NCBI Gene notes two variants encoding different isoforms. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
NCBI Gene reports that TET2 is involved in myelopoiesis and that defects in the gene are associated with several myeloproliferative disorders. A mouse ortholog, Tet2, exists, and TET2 belongs to the TET family together with TET1 and TET3.
Other members of the TET family of methylcytosine dioxygenases with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q6N021; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.