GDF-5
GDF-5 (growth differentiation factor 5, also known as CDMP1 and BMP14) is a secreted member of the TGF-beta superfamily that drives bone and cartilage formation. It signals through BMP receptors and SMAD proteins to regulate the development of cartilage, joints and other tissues. Browse Assay Genie's current range of GDF-5 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
GDF-5 is a growth factor involved in bone and cartilage formation. During cartilage development it regulates the differentiation of chondrogenic tissue through two opposing routes. It binds BMPR1B with high affinity and BMPR1A with lower affinity, which induces phosphorylation of the SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex and drives SMAD signal transduction, promoting chondrogenic differentiation. It also interacts with NOG, and this interaction negatively regulates chondrogenic differentiation.
Beyond skeletal development, GDF-5 is required to prevent excessive muscle loss upon denervation, a function that depends on SMAD4 and is mediated by phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. It can also bind bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and mediate the LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes. The GDF-5 protein is found in secreted form and at the cell membrane.
The GDF5 gene encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to give the subunits of a disulfide-linked homodimer. Like other TGF-beta superfamily ligands, it engages receptors that recruit and activate SMAD transcription factors to regulate gene expression. GDF-5 regulates the development of many tissue and cell types, including cartilage, joints, brown fat and teeth, and the growth of neuronal axons and dendrites. Mutations in the gene are associated with acromesomelic dysplasia, brachydactyly, chondrodysplasia, multiple synostoses syndrome, proximal symphalangism and susceptibility to osteoarthritis. The protein is also known as CDMP1 and BMP14, and the mouse ortholog is Gdf5.
GDF-5 regulates the development of cartilage and joints, and it controls chondrogenic differentiation through BMPR1B, BMPR1A and NOG.
Mutations in GDF5 are linked to acromesomelic dysplasia, brachydactyly, chondrodysplasia, proximal symphalangism and susceptibility to osteoarthritis.
GDF-5 induces SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation, making it a useful ligand for studying BMP receptor and SMAD-dependent signal transduction.
GDF-5 helps limit muscle loss after denervation and binds LPS to mediate inflammatory responses, including TNF secretion by monocytes.
GDF-5 is a growth factor that promotes bone and cartilage formation. It signals through BMPR1B and BMPR1A to phosphorylate SMAD1/5/8, and it is also opposed by NOG. It prevents excessive muscle loss after denervation and can bind LPS to mediate inflammatory responses.
GDF-5 is also called CDMP1 and BMP14, and its HGNC gene symbol is GDF5. The full name is growth differentiation factor 5. UniProt lists it as Growth/differentiation factor 5, and it belongs to the TGF-beta family.
Mutations in GDF5 are associated with acromesomelic dysplasia, brachydactyly, chondrodysplasia, multiple synostoses syndrome, proximal symphalangism and osteoarthritis susceptibility. A mouse ortholog, Gdf5, exists. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other growth differentiation factors and TGF-beta superfamily ligands with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P43026; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.