NGB
NGB (neuroglobin) is a monomeric, oxygen-binding globin expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system. It is thought to support oxygen availability and neuroprotective responses under hypoxic and ischaemic conditions. Browse Assay Genie's current range of NGB research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
NGB is a monomeric globin that carries a bis-histidyl, six-coordinate heme-iron atom. Through this iron it can bind dioxygen, carbon monoxide and nitric oxide. Its precise role is still debated. It could help transport oxygen and increase its availability to metabolically active neuronal tissue. Against this, its low abundance in tissues and its high affinity for dioxygen may limit its ability to release oxygen.
Other activities have been proposed for the ferrous, deoxygenated form of neuroglobin. It shows nitrite reductase activity and could generate nitric oxide, which in turn inhibits cellular respiration in response to hypoxia. In the same state it may act as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) toward heterotrimeric G-alpha proteins. By regulating signal transduction in this way, it may facilitate neuroprotective responses to hypoxia and the associated oxidative stress.
The NGB gene encodes an oxygen-binding protein that is only distantly related to other members of the globin family, and it is highly conserved among vertebrates. The protein is expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system, where it may increase oxygen availability and provide protection under hypoxic or ischaemic conditions. UniProt places it in the cytosol and the mitochondrial matrix. Mouse and rat both have an orthologous Ngb gene, which makes rodent models a practical route for studying neuroglobin biology.
NGB is proposed to increase oxygen availability and provide protection in the nervous system under hypoxic and ischaemic conditions.
Deoxygenated neuroglobin has nitrite reductase activity and may produce nitric oxide, which inhibits cellular respiration in response to hypoxia.
In its ferrous state, neuroglobin may act as a GDI toward heterotrimeric G-alpha proteins, regulating signal transduction.
Neuroglobin may facilitate neuroprotective responses to hypoxia and the associated oxidative stress.
NGB is a heme-containing globin that binds oxygen, carbon monoxide and nitric oxide. It may aid oxygen availability in neuronal tissue, and its deoxygenated form shows nitrite reductase and possible GDI activity toward G-alpha proteins. These activities are linked to neuroprotection during hypoxia and oxidative stress.
Neuroglobin is expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system. At the subcellular level, UniProt annotates it in the cytosol and the mitochondrial matrix. It is a monomeric protein, in contrast to the multimeric assemblies seen in some other globins.
Yes. The NCBI Gene summary describes NGB as highly conserved among vertebrates, and mouse and rat both carry an orthologous Ngb gene. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other globin-family proteins, hypoxia-response factors and neuroprotection markers may be listed here as pages become available.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9NPG2; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.