NLRP1
NLRP1 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 1, also known as NALP1, CARD7, NAC, DEFCAP and KIAA0926) is a member of the NLRP family and of the Ced-4 family of apoptosis proteins. It is linked to programmed cell death and innate immune signalling. Browse Assay Genie's current range of NLRP1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
NLRP1 belongs to the NLRP family and, according to the NCBI Gene summary, to the Ced-4 family of apoptosis proteins. Ced-family members contain a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and are known to be key mediators of programmed cell death. The encoded protein also carries a distinct N-terminal pyrin-like motif, which is possibly involved in protein-protein interactions. NLRP1 interacts strongly with caspase 2 and weakly with caspase 9, and overexpression of the NLRP1 gene has been shown to induce apoptosis in cells.
Whether NLRP1 forms an inflammasome remains unclear. UniProt notes that the protein is not cleaved within the FIIND domain, does not assemble into specks and does not promote IL1B release. In a cell-free system, however, it has been shown to be activated by MDP (muramyl dipeptide). This makes NLRP1 a useful subject for studies that compare it with better-characterised inflammasome sensors such as NLRP3. UniProt lists its subcellular locations as the cytosol, the nucleus and the inflammasome.
The HGNC gene group places NLRP1 within the NLR family, the caspase recruitment domain containing group and the pyrin domain containing group. The protein carries enzyme classifications EC 3.4.-.- and EC 3.6.4.-. Its history is reflected in its many names: the previous HGNC name was systemic lupus erythematosus, vitiligo-related 1 (SLEV1), and it has also been called VAMAS1 and CLR17.1. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described, although the biological validity of some of them has not been determined. The mouse and rat orthologues are both named Nlrp1a.
NLRP1 is a Ced-4 family member with a CARD, and its overexpression induces apoptosis, making it relevant to studies of programmed cell death.
NLRP1 interacts strongly with caspase 2 and weakly with caspase 9, which supports work on how NLR proteins engage caspases.
Its role in inflammasome formation is unclear, so NLRP1 is studied alongside other NLRP proteins to define which sensors assemble inflammasomes.
NLRP1 has been shown to be activated by MDP in a cell-free system, which is relevant to research on bacterial ligand sensing.
NLRP1 is a Ced-4 family member with a CARD and a pyrin-like motif. It interacts strongly with caspase 2 and weakly with caspase 9, and overexpression induces apoptosis. Whether it forms an inflammasome is unclear, though MDP activated it in a cell-free system.
NLRP1 is also known as NALP1, CARD7, NAC, DEFCAP, VAMAS1, CLR17.1, SLEV1 and KIAA0926. Its previous HGNC name was systemic lupus erythematosus, vitiligo-related 1. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported, though some have unconfirmed validity.
Yes. The mouse and rat orthologues are both listed as Nlrp1a. Because orthologue naming can differ between species, check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity before planning cross-species work.
Other NLRP family members and inflammasome-related proteins with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9C000; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.