DRD1
DRD1 (dopamine receptor D1, also known as D1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor for dopamine, the catecholamine neurotransmitter associated with reward, motivation and reinforcement learning. It signals through G(s) proteins to activate adenylate cyclase in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Browse Assay Genie's current range of DRD1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
DRD1 is a G protein-coupled receptor for dopamine. Dopamine binding causes a conformational change that triggers signalling through guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and modulates downstream effectors such as adenylate cyclase. DRD1, together with DRD5, is a D1-type receptor coupled to G(s) proteins, which mediate activation of adenylate cyclase and, in turn, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. D2-type receptors (DRD2, DRD3 and DRD4) couple to G(i)/G(o) proteins and inhibit adenylate cyclase. The two types have antagonistic effects, particularly in the striatum, where D1-type receptors generally stimulate neural activity and promote action while D2-type receptors tend to suppress movement.
The DRD1 gene encodes the D1 subtype of the dopamine receptor, the most abundant dopamine receptor in the central nervous system, especially in the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex. The protein belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor 1 family and is found at the postsynaptic cell membrane, dendritic spine membrane, cilium membrane and endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Alternate transcription initiation sites give rise to two transcript variants. Mouse and rat orthologs are both named Drd1.
Functionally, the D1 receptor is an essential regulator of reward, motor activity and cognition. It regulates neuronal growth and development, mediates some behavioural responses and modulates DRD2-mediated events. In peripheral tissues it is reported to inhibit inflammatory reactions and help maintain cardiovascular and kidney homeostasis. DRD1 can also couple to G(q) when it forms a heteromer with the ghrelin receptor GHSR in hippocampal neurons, independently of ghrelin; GHSR then promotes G(q) coupling at the expense of G(s), initiating synaptic plasticity involved in memory and learning. DRD1 forms heterotetramers with DRD3 that potentiate beta-arrestin recruitment and mediate locomotor activity, and it also acts as a receptor for the psychedelic drug LSD.
DRD1 mediates dopamine signalling linked to reward, motivation, reinforcement learning and pleasure, making it central to studies of reward circuitry.
D1-type receptors stimulate neural activity and promote action in the striatum, opposing D2-type receptors in the control of voluntary movement.
DRD1 and GHSR heteromers shift coupling towards G(q) in hippocampal neurons, initiating synaptic plasticity involved in memory and learning.
Beyond the brain, DRD1 helps inhibit inflammatory reactions and maintain cardiovascular and kidney homeostasis.
DRD1 is a G(s)-coupled receptor for dopamine. On activation it stimulates adenylate cyclase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. It regulates reward, motor activity and cognition in the central nervous system, and helps maintain cardiovascular and kidney homeostasis in peripheral tissues.
D1R is an alias for DRD1, the gene encoding the D1 subtype of the dopamine receptor. NCBI Gene reports that alternate transcription initiation sites result in two transcript variants. HGNC places it in the dopamine receptors gene group, with no previous names recorded.
Yes. Mouse and rat both carry an ortholog named Drd1, so the receptor can be studied in common rodent models. Researchers should check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity before choosing a species.
Other dopamine receptors, including the D2-type receptors that act in opposition to DRD1 in the striatum.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P21728; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.