NOS1
NOS1, also known as nNOS or NOS, is a member of the nitric oxide synthase family that produces nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. NO is a messenger molecule, and in the brain and peripheral nervous system it displays many properties of a neurotransmitter. Browse Assay Genie's current range of NOS1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
NOS1 (nitric oxide synthase 1) synthesises nitric oxide from L-arginine. Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical that acts as a biological mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, NO shows many properties of a neurotransmitter. UniProt also notes that NOS1 probably has nitrosylase activity and mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such as SRR.
The NOS1 gene encodes a protein of the NOS family, classed by HGNC among the PDZ domain containing proteins, the flavoproteins and the nitric oxide synthase family. The protein is annotated at the cell membrane, in the sarcolemma, and in dendritic spines. It is ubiquitously expressed, with a high level of expression in skeletal muscle. Multiple transcript variants that differ in the 5' UTR have been described, although the full-length nature of these transcripts is not known. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encode different isoforms, and some of these are testis-specific. Mouse and rat both carry a Nos1 ortholog.
NOS1 was formerly listed as nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal), which is the origin of the alias nNOS. Nitric oxide produced in the nervous system has been implicated in neurotoxicity associated with stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, in neural regulation of smooth muscle, including peristalsis, and in penile erection. Researchers studying the NOS1 gene or protein therefore work across neuroscience, muscle biology and nitric oxide signalling.
In the brain and peripheral nervous system, NO produced by NOS1 displays many properties of a neurotransmitter.
NO has been implicated in neurotoxicity associated with stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, making NOS1 a focus for mechanistic studies.
NOS1-derived NO contributes to neural regulation of smooth muscle, including peristalsis, and to penile erection.
NOS1 is expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle and is localised to the sarcolemma.
NOS1 synthesises nitric oxide from L-arginine. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, this NO shows many properties of a neurotransmitter. UniProt also reports probable nitrosylase activity, mediating cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such as SRR.
NOS1 is also called nNOS and NOS, and its previous HGNC name was nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal). Multiple transcript variants and alternatively spliced isoforms have been described, some of them testis-specific, so check which form a given reagent recognises.
Mouse and rat each have a Nos1 ortholog. NO from the nervous system has been implicated in neurotoxicity associated with stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other nitric oxide synthase-associated proteins and regulators with research reagents at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P29475; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.