AMPH
AMPH (amphiphysin) is a protein associated with the cytoplasmic surface of synaptic vesicles. It may take part in regulated exocytosis in synapses and certain endocrine cell types, and it is known as an autoantigen in a subset of patients with stiff-man syndrome and breast cancer. Browse Assay Genie's current range of AMPH research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
AMPH encodes amphiphysin, a protein found on the cytoplasmic surface of synaptic vesicles. According to UniProt, it may participate in mechanisms of regulated exocytosis in synapses and certain endocrine cell types, and it may also control the properties of the membrane-associated cytoskeleton. These roles are annotated as possible functions, and the protein is localised to the synaptic vesicle membrane and to the cytoskeleton within the cytoplasm.
The AMPH gene is classified by HGNC within two groups: N-BAR domain containing and SH3 domain containing proteins. Mouse and rat each carry an orthologous gene, Amph, which allows the protein to be studied in common model systems. Researchers working on synaptic vesicle biology, exocytosis and cytoskeletal regulation often look at amphiphysin alongside other proteins of the presynaptic compartment, using an AMPH antibody or an AMPH ELISA kit to detect the protein.
Amphiphysin has a clear link to neuroimmunology. A subset of patients with stiff-man syndrome who were also affected by breast cancer are positive for autoantibodies against this protein, which is reflected in earlier HGNC names such as amphiphysin (Stiff-Man syndrome with breast cancer 128kD autoantigen). Alternate splicing of the AMPH gene gives two transcript variants encoding different isoforms, and further splice variants have been described although their full-length sequences have not been determined. NCBI Gene also notes a pseudogene on chromosome 11.
AMPH is associated with the cytoplasmic surface of synaptic vesicles, making it a relevant protein for studying the presynaptic compartment.
Amphiphysin may participate in regulated exocytosis in synapses and certain endocrine cell types, so it is studied in secretory mechanisms.
AMPH may control the properties of the membrane-associated cytoskeleton, linking vesicle biology with cytoskeletal regulation.
Autoantibodies against amphiphysin occur in a subset of stiff-man syndrome patients who also have breast cancer, linking AMPH to paraneoplastic autoimmunity.
AMPH encodes amphiphysin, a protein associated with the cytoplasmic surface of synaptic vesicles. UniProt states it may participate in regulated exocytosis in synapses and certain endocrine cell types, and may control the properties of the membrane-associated cytoskeleton. These functions are described as probable rather than established.
HGNC lists no alias symbols, but earlier names include amphiphysin (Stiff-Man syndrome with breast cancer 128kDa autoantigen). Alternate splicing of the gene produces two transcript variants encoding different isoforms, and additional splice variants have been described without full-length sequences being determined.
A subset of stiff-man syndrome patients who also have breast cancer carry autoantibodies against amphiphysin. Mouse and rat both have an orthologous gene named Amph. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other targets with products at Assay Genie, including a similarly named but unrelated growth factor.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P49418; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.