PITX2
PITX2 (paired like homeodomain 2, also known as pituitary homeobox 2, RIEG, RIEG1, Brx1, Otlx2 and ARP1) is a homeodomain transcription factor of the bicoid class. It helps establish left-right asymmetry in the developing embryo and regulates genes involved in organ development. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PITX2 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PITX2 acts as a transcription factor. It regulates expression of the procollagen lysyl hydroxylase gene and contributes to basal and hormone-regulated activity of the prolactin promoter. The protein plays a role in the terminal differentiation of somatotroph and lactotroph cell phenotypes in the pituitary. It is also involved in the development of the eye, tooth and abdominal organs. UniProt describes its function as involvement in establishing left-right asymmetry in the developing embryo, and a similar protein in other vertebrates is involved in determining left-right asymmetry during development.
The PITX2 gene encodes a member of the RIEG/PITX homeobox family, which belongs to the bicoid class of homeodomain proteins and to the paired homeobox family. HGNC places it in the PRD class homeoboxes and pseudogenes group. The protein is found in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described, so researchers working with the PITX2 protein should consider which isoforms their experiments address. Mouse and rat both carry a Pitx2 ortholog.
The gene has been known under several names, including paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2, and by the symbols IGDS, RS, Brx1, Otlx2, ARP1, IRID2, IHG2, RIEG, RIEG1 and RGS. Mutations in PITX2 are associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, iridogoniodysgenesis syndrome and sporadic cases of Peters anomaly. These links make it a frequent subject in studies of developmental disorders affecting the eye. PITX1 and PITX3 are related members of the PITX group.
PITX2 is involved in establishing left-right asymmetry in the developing embryo, making it a key factor in studies of body plan patterning.
PITX2 is involved in the development of the eye and tooth, supporting research into organogenesis and craniofacial and ocular formation.
PITX2 contributes to terminal differentiation of somatotroph and lactotroph cells and to prolactin regulation, relevant to endocrine transcription studies.
Mutations in PITX2 are associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, iridogoniodysgenesis syndrome and Peters anomaly, informing disease mechanism research.
PITX2 is a transcription factor that regulates procollagen lysyl hydroxylase gene expression and prolactin activity. It supports somatotroph and lactotroph differentiation, helps develop the eye, tooth and abdominal organs, and is involved in establishing left-right asymmetry in the embryo.
PITX2 is also called pituitary homeobox 2, RIEG, RIEG1, Brx1, Otlx2, ARP1, IGDS, IRID2, IHG2, RS and RGS. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described, so check which isoform a reagent recognises.
Mutations in PITX2 are associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, iridogoniodysgenesis syndrome and sporadic Peters anomaly. Mouse and rat have Pitx2 orthologs, and similar proteins in other vertebrates determine left-right asymmetry; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other PITX family homeodomain transcription factors with research reagents at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q99697; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.