SORL1
SORL1 (sortilin related receptor 1, also known as SorLA, LR11, gp250 and LRP9) is a mosaic sorting receptor that directs several proteins to their correct location within the cell. It acts between the Golgi apparatus and endosomes and is linked to Alzheimer's disease. Browse Assay Genie's current range of SORL1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
SORL1 is a sorting receptor that, together with the AP-1 complex, is involved in Golgi apparatus to endosome sorting. Its best-characterised cargo is amyloid precursor protein (APP). SORL1 retains APP in the trans-Golgi network, preventing its transit through late endosomes where amyloid beta peptides Abeta40 and Abeta42 are generated, and it may also sort newly produced amyloid-beta to lysosomes for catabolism. It does not affect APP trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.
The receptor handles a wide range of other cargo. It controls the intracellular location of the BDNF receptor NTRK2/TRKB, and it sorts GDNF and the GDNF-GFRA1 complex, producing a GDNF clearance pathway in which GDNF is degraded in lysosomes while GFRA1 recycles to the cell membrane. It promotes recycling of ERBB2/HER2 and the insulin receptor, directs lipoprotein lipase to lysosomal degradation, and is a potential sorting receptor for APOA5. It may also regulate CLCF1-CRLF1-CNTFR and IL-6 signalling. Through its N-terminal ectodomain it affects smooth muscle cell and monocyte migration, haematopoietic progenitor adhesion via uPAR/PLAUR, and adipose tissue energy expenditure by inhibiting the BMP/Smad pathway.
The SORL1 gene encodes a mosaic protein belonging to both the vacuolar protein sorting 10 (VPS10) domain-containing receptor family and the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, with fibronectin type III repeats and an epidermal growth factor repeat. The preproprotein is proteolytically processed to the mature receptor. UniProt locates it to the Golgi, trans-Golgi network, endosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and cell membrane, with a secreted form also reported. Mutations in the gene may be associated with Alzheimer's disease. Previous names include sortilin-related receptor, L(DLR class) A repeats-containing, and chromosome 11 open reading frame 32 (C11orf32).
SORL1 controls APP trafficking and processing into amyloidogenic beta peptides, and mutations in the gene may be associated with Alzheimer's disease.
SORL1 works with the AP-1 complex in Golgi-endosome sorting and directs cargo to recycling, lysosomal or secretory routes.
SORL1 regulates the location of NTRK2/TRKB and the GDNF-GFRA1 complex, shaping BDNF and GDNF-driven neurotrophic activity.
SORL1 influences insulin receptor recycling, lipoprotein lipase degradation, adipose energy expenditure and smooth muscle and macrophage migration in atherosclerosis.
SORL1 is a sorting receptor that directs cargo between the Golgi apparatus, endosomes, lysosomes and the cell surface. Cargo includes APP, NTRK2/TRKB, GDNF-GFRA1, ERBB2, the insulin receptor and lipoprotein lipase. Its ectodomain also acts extracellularly on cell migration and adipose tissue energy expenditure.
SORL1 is also called SorLA, SorLA-1, LR11, gp250 and LRP9. Its previous symbol was C11orf32, and earlier names were chromosome 11 open reading frame 32 and sortilin-related receptor, L(DLR class) A repeats-containing. UniProt lists the protein as sortilin-related receptor.
Mouse and rat both have a Sorl1 ortholog. The human gene belongs to the VPS10-related sortilin family, and NCBI notes that mutations in SORL1 may be associated with Alzheimer's disease. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Cargo proteins, receptors and pathway partners of SORL1 in neurotrophic signalling, lipid metabolism and amyloid processing.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q92673; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.