ICA1
ICA1 (islet cell autoantigen 1, also known as ICAp69 and ICA69) is an arfaptin homology domain protein found in the cytosol and on Golgi and secretory vesicle membranes. It may play a role in neurotransmitter secretion and is recognised as an autoantigen in autoimmune disease. Browse Assay Genie's current range of ICA1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
ICA1 is a protein that may play a role in neurotransmitter secretion. Its defining feature is an arfaptin homology (AH) domain, and HGNC places the gene in the AH domain containing group. The protein is found in two forms: a soluble form in the cytosol and a membrane-bound form associated with the Golgi complex and with immature secretory granules.
UniProt annotates the subcellular location of ICA1 as cytosol, Golgi apparatus membrane and secretory vesicle membrane, including the membranes of synaptic vesicles. This distribution fits the proposed link to secretion, although the available functional annotation remains cautious and describes only a possible role in neurotransmitter release. According to the NCBI Gene summary, several transcript variants of the ICA1 gene encode two different isoforms.
The name reflects how the protein was first recognised. ICA1 is believed to be an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and in primary Sjögren's syndrome, which is why it is of interest in autoimmunity research. Earlier names, such as islet cell autoantigen 1 (69kD), and the aliases ICAp69 and ICA69, refer to the apparent size of the protein. Orthologous genes designated Ica1 are present in mouse and rat, so the protein can be studied in common rodent models. Researchers working on ICA1 often examine it in relation to vesicle trafficking, secretory pathways and the autoimmune responses that target it.
ICA1 is believed to be an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, making it relevant to studies of autoimmune responses against islet components.
The protein is also considered an autoantigen in primary Sjögren's syndrome, supporting its use in investigations of autoantibody targets.
ICA1 may play a role in neurotransmitter secretion and is found on synaptic vesicle membranes, which is relevant to synaptic biology.
ICA1 occurs on the Golgi complex and immature secretory granules, so it is studied in the context of secretory granule formation and membrane trafficking.
UniProt states that ICA1 may play a role in neurotransmitter secretion. It contains an arfaptin homology domain and is found in the cytosol and as a membrane-bound form on the Golgi complex and immature secretory granules. It is also believed to act as an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and primary Sjögren's syndrome.
ICA1 is also called ICAp69 and ICA69. Earlier names include islet cell autoantigen 1 (69kD) and islet cell autoantigen 1, 69kDa. According to the NCBI Gene summary, several transcript variants of the gene encode two different isoforms of the protein.
Mouse and rat both have an orthologous gene named Ica1. ICA1 is believed to be an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and primary Sjögren's syndrome. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Targets with similar-looking symbols, such as the ICAM family, which are separate genes from ICA1 and are listed here to help avoid confusion.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q05084; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.