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How to Choose a Secondary Antibody(Post)
The selection of a secondary antibody is a critical step in the experimental design of various immunodetection methods, including Western Blot, ELISA, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluores
An Introduction into EV Markers(Post)Extracellular Vesicles
How to Thaw Cells: Best Practices for Cell Culture Success(Post)Cell culture techniques are fundamental to biomedical research, providing crucial insights into cellular functions, drug discovery, and disease mechanisms. A critical step in cell culture is the p
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) - Biomarkers(Post)Key Points Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refe
Your Agonist Antibody Is Not an Agonist(Post)An agonist antibody does not activate its receptor. It gets held still by something else, and the receptors underneath cluster because they are crowded. That sentence sounds like a technicality and i
Melanoma: Understanding, Diagnosing, and Treating Skin Cancer(Post)Melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer that originates in melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin, which gives skin its color. Although it is less common than othe
STING Activators As Cancer Therapeutics(Post)The STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway plays a pivotal role in the innate immune system's response to cancerous cells and DNA viruses. Exploiting this pathway through STING activators
cGAS-STING Signalling: Pathway, Regulation and Key Assays(Post)Double-stranded DNA in the cytosol is always a mistake. A virus has uncoated, a mitochondrion has ruptured, a micronucleus has burst, or a chromosome has been broken and left unrepaired. cGAS treats
Mast Cells IgE and Type 2 Immunity(Page) IgE and Mast Cells: The Cell Is Armed in Advance(Post)The mast cell is loaded long before the allergen arrives. IgE bound to FcεRIα is not waiting to be recruited the way an antibody waits for antigen in a serum assay — it is already installed on the ce
Immuno Oncology: If cancer was a pathogen, would a vaccine be able to destroy it?(Post)Thanks to the great intuitions of brilliant scientists like Louis Pasteur, Edward Jenner, Robert Koch, Emil von Behring, Gaston Leon Ramon, Albert Sabin, Jonas Salk in the past century, the
JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway: A Comprehensive Exploration(Post)Progression of the JAK STAT Signalling Pathway Cellular communication is a complex network of molecular interactions that govern various physiological processes. Among the many signal
Interleukin-8 signalling(Post)IL-8 Overview Interleukin-8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8, was discovered over 30 years ago as a small molecule that could promote chemotaxis and induce the production
Tocilizumab: Advancing Therapeutics and Research with Biosimilars(Post)What You Need to Know About TocilizumabWhat is Tocilizumab?Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor, widely used for managing autoimmune and in
EGFR Pathway and YAP in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer(Post)Understanding the EGFR Pathway and YAP in Non-Small Cell Lung CancerThe epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of non-small cell lung c
Programmable Synthetic Hybrid Receptors (Hybrid-Rs): The Next Generation of Precision Immunotherapy(Post)Imagine a world where cancer treatment is no longer a blunt instrument but a precision-guided surgical strike, executed by the body's own immune system. For years, we have dreamed of 'smart' cells th
Innate Lymphoid Cells Differentiation: Guardians of Immune Homeostasis(Post)Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) represent a fascinating component of the immune system, playing a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and mounting rapid responses against pathogens. The
HERV-K group of endogenous retroviruses and cancer(Post)In 2006, upon completion of the Human Genome Project, it was discovered that nearly 8% of the human genome is made up of viral DNA. These viral remnants are composed of ancient germl
Understanding Antibody Staining for Antigen Detection in Flow Cytometry(Post)Flow cytometry stands as a pivotal technique in the realms of molecular biology and immunology, enabling the analysis of physical and chemical characteristics of cells or particles as they flow in
The IL-36 Subfamily | Expression, Function & Regulation(Post)By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD The genes of the IL-36 family members are located in a cluster on chromosome 2 [1]. All three activating ligands, IL-36α, IL-36β a