10556 results for 'il-4'

Exploring IL-18: A key cytokine in inflammation and disease. Key Takeaways: IL-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a pivotal role in immune responses, particularly in inducing Type II ...

Explore the complexities of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) signaling and regulation, a crucial aspect in immune response modulation and its dual roles in cancer development and therapy. Key Takeaways ...

The Role of CTLA-4 in Breast Cancer: Implications for ImmunotherapyBreast cancer (BC) remains one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women worldwide, with significant morbidity and mortalit ...

Introduction to IL-10R and Immune Suppression in CancerThe interleukin-10 receptor (IL-10R) is a key player in regulating immune responses, particularly in suppressing inflammation and m ...

By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD Similar to IL-33, IL-36R ligands are involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Analogous to IL-33, d is local ...

By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD A role for IL-33 in Barrier Function and Epithelial Wound Healing ...

By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD The genes of the IL-36 family members are located in a cluster on chromosome 2 [1]. All three activating ligands, IL-36α, IL-36β ...

Interleukin-9 (IL-9) plays a critical role in the immune system, influencing a variety of biological functions across different immune cell types. This article provides an in-depth look at the si ...

By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD ...

Quick Facts About BrodalumabWhat is Brodalumab?Brodalumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the IL-17 receptor to treat immune-mediated conditions like moderate-to-severe plaque pso ...

Quick Facts About SiltuximabWhat is Siltuximab?Siltuximab is a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-6 (IL-6), a cytokine involved in inflammation and immune regulation.What is the ...

Interleukin 12 in COVID-19 Prophylactics Interleukin 12 is a cytokine with wide-reaching effects in the innate and adaptive immune system. O ...

Quick Facts About GuselkumabWhat is Guselkumab?Guselkumab is a biologic therapy that selectively targets the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 (IL-23), playing a critical role in inflammato ...

The Interleukin-1 (IL-1) family represents a crucial group of signaling molecules that play a pivotal role in regulating the immune system and inflammatory responses. Comprising 11 members, in ...

Interleukin-21 (IL-21) stands out as a pivotal cytokine in the complex network of immune system communication. Its role in regulating various immune cell types has drawn considerable attention ...

Immunotherapy has become a central pillar in the fight against cancer, with a focus on enhancing the body’s natural defenses. Among the molecules at the forefront of immunotherapeutic re ...

Oct-4 stem cells, also known as Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 stem cells, are a fascinating area of study in the field of stem cell research. These stem cells hold great promise due to t ...

CD Markers Cluster of Differentiation (CD) markers play an important role in the differentiation of B cells, T cells and NK (natural killer) c ...

What You Need to Know About LusvertikimabWhat is Lusvertikimab?Lusvertikimab is a monoclonal antibody designed to inhibit the IL-4 receptor, a key player in regulating immune responses, ...

Understanding the immune system's intricacies requires models that accurately reflect its complexity. The rat, as a model organism, plays a crucial role in immunological research, particularly i ...

What You Need to Know About DupilumabWhat is Dupilumab?Dupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody designed to treat various chronic inflammatory diseases by inhibiting key cytokines ...

ST2, a member of the IL-1R Subfamily ST2 is a member of the IL-1R subfamily and was identified in 1989 [1]. The ST2 gene is located on chromos ...

What You Need to Know About IpilimumabWhat is Ipilimumab?Ipilimumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets CTLA-4, a protein involved in downregulating the immune system, to boost the bo ...

Th17 cells, a subset of T helper cells characterized by their production of interleukin-17 (IL-17), play a significant role in the immune system's response to pathogens and in the pathology of a ...

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the body's immune system to fight malignancies. Among the notable advancements in this field is the development of immune ...

Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signalling proteins that are produced and released from cells in response to viral infection and other stimuli such as normal and tumour cell survival and ...

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in maintaining immune balance by suppressing excessive immune responses that could lead to tissue damage. However, in the context of cancer ...

CD4+ T cells are central to the immune system, functioning as coordinators of immune responses and regulators of immune tolerance. These cells are divided into two primary subtypes: Help ...

Quick Facts About CanakinumabWhat is Canakinumab?Canakinumab is a human monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), reducing inflammation associated with various diseas ...

As atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory disease, there are many influential biomarkers that contribute to the disease’s progression as well as biomarkers from atherosclerosis related d ...

Quick Facts About EnokizumabWhat is Enokizumab?Enokizumab is a monoclonal antibody designed to target interleukin-9 (IL-9), a cytokine involved in inflammatory responses. It has been st ...

Interleukin signaling is involved in a number of biological processes, including cell growth and differentiation, inflammation and immunity. Interleukins are glycoproteins which act on hem ...

Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) represent a fascinating component of the immune system, playing a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and mounting rapid responses against pathogens. Th ...

Quick Facts About FezakinumabWhat is Fezakinumab?Fezakinumab is a human IgG1-lambda monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin-22 (IL-22), a cytokine involved in inflammatory response ...

Quick Facts About SecukinumabWhat is SecukinumabSecukinumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin-17A (IL-17A), a key cytokine involved in inflammatory and autoimmune respon ...

T Cell Types, Activation, Polarization & Function A comprehensive guide to T cells! window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS = window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS || new Array(); wi ...

Growth factors play a vital role in the complex web of biological processes, serving as key regulators in various essential events. They exert significant influence over cruc ...

Exploring the multifaceted role of dendritic cells in immune function and disease. Key Takeaways DCs are professional antigen-presenting cells that capture, process, and pres ...

What You Need to Know About TocilizumabWhat is Tocilizumab?Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor, widely used for managing autoimmune and i ...

What is a Macrophage? Macrophages are indeed a type of phagocyte, responsible for engulfing and destroying foreign particles and cellular debris. They are larger cells with more cytoplasm a ...

By Charlotte O’Donnell PhD Inflammation and Cancer The link between inflammation and cancer is well established, with inf ...

IL-8 Overview Interleukin-8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8, was discovered over 30 years ago as a small molecule that could promote chemotaxis and induce the production ...

Natural killer (NK) cells are a crucial component of the innate immune system and play a significant role in eliminating tumor cells. Unlike T cells, NK cells can recognize and kill canc ...

TEST RAPIDO POC COVID-19 Descrizione Il kit Assay Genie solo utilizzo per la ricerca. Il kit rapido C ...

BDNF Overview Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a central mediator of neuroplasticity, a term used to describe the ability of neuron ...

Quick Facts About BasiliximabWhat is Basiliximab?Basiliximab is a monoclonal antibody targeting the CD25 subunit of the IL-2 receptor, primarily used to prevent organ transplant rejecti ...

Introduction to CD122 in Immunotherapy CD122, also known as the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain (IL-2Rβ), is a critical component of the immune system's response to pathogens and ...

Tocilizumab (Actemra®) in COVID-19 Treatment What is Tocilizumab? Tocilizumab, also called atlizumab, is an immunosuppres ...

Inflammasomes are complex intracellular structures that play a pivotal role in the immune response by detecting pathogenic microorganisms and sterile stressors. Their activation is a critical ste ...

1. What is a Biosimilar? A biosimilar is a biologic medical product that is highly similar to an already-approved reference biologic. While minor differences in clinically inactive ...

Complete T Helper Cell Guide: Th1, Th2, Th17 & Functions - Your Ultimate Resource from Assay GenieIn this guide, we will explore the differences between TH1 and TH2 cells, their cru ...

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a protein that stimulates cell growth and differentiation by binding to its receptor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which triggers ligand-induced ...

ILC2 - Function, Cytokines, and Role in Health and Disease A quick guide to IL2C ...

CXCL16 CXCL16, a unique member of the CXC chemokine family, stands at the crossroads of immune modulation and vascular biology. Initially discovered as a che ...

SARS-CoV-2 Background COVID-19 is characterised by a series of biological markers. In some instances, these biomarkers can be used as potent ...

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By Eoin Mac Réamoinn Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are renowned for their fundamental roles in innate sensing and initiating inflammatory responses. TLR ...

Kit di Estrazione DNA/RNA Virus Il Kit di Estrazione dell'Acido Nucleico Virale II è stato progettato specificamente per la purificazione efficiente del DNA virale e dell'RNA vir ...

Delve into the world of C-reactive protein (CRP), a critical player in the body's response to inflammation, and understand its role in health and disease. Key Takeaways C-reacti ...

The innate immune system, a primary line of defense against pathogens, comprises various cellular and molecular mechanisms. Among these, the Nod-like Receptor (NLR) signaling pathways play a crit ...

Immunotherapy has transformed the landscape of cancer treatment by leveraging the body’s immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. A key player in this process is Inducible T-cel ...

V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) is an emerging immune checkpoint receptor that plays a key role in suppressing T cell activity within the tumor microenvironment (TME) ...

Introduction to TLR4 and Cancer Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a key component of the innate immune system, primarily responsible for detecting infections and initiating inflammator ...

What is Immunometabolism? Immunometabolism is an exponentially growing, multi-disciplinary field of research aiming at deciphering the dynamic cellular and mol ...

Quick Facts About VixarelimabWhat is Vixarelimab?Vixarelimab is an investigational monoclonal antibody developed to target oncostatin M receptor beta (OSMRβ), a key pathway involved in ...

Adhesion Molecules Direct cell-cell interactions are maintained and regulated by cell adhesion molecules. The expression of adhesion molecule ...

Cryopreservation of stimulated T cells is a common technique in immunology research, allowing for long-term storage while maintaining their functional viability. Stimulated T cells—espec ...

In the intricate tapestry of the immune system, macrophages play a pivotal role, orchestrating a wide range of biological responses that protect the body against pathogens, remove cellular debris ...

What is Neuroimmunology? Neuroimmunology is a multidisciplinary scientific field dedicated to investigating the intricate and bidirectional interactions between the ...

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment options, offering strategies to harness the immune system to target and destroy tumors. One emerging area of interest is the use of OX40 ...

Katherine Edwards, PhD Student, Queen’s University Belfast Cytokines play a vital role in immune responses enabling cross-talk between different cell types ...

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The ELISA Genie, Human Inflammation multiplex assays utilizes multiple bead populations differentiated by size and different levels of fluorescence intensity. With multiple sizes of bea ...

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Adipocytokines or adipokines are bioactive molecules that are produced by adipose tissue. They comprise cytokines, chemokines coagulation factors and factors involved ...

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Biosimilar AntibodiesValidated for Therapeutic ResearchFunctional-grade biosimilars for in vitro and in vivo experiments, validated to support innovation in drug discovery, molecular bi ...

Animal DIY ELISA Kits Maximise your research budget! Animal DIY (Do-It-Yourself) ELISA kits are sets of reagents to develop your very own san ...

The ELISA Genie, Mouse inflammation multiplex assays utilizes multiple bead populations differentiated by size and different levels of fluorescence intensity. With multiple sizes of bea ...

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Functional Grade In Vivo AntibodiesOur low endotoxin mAbs for translational and preclinical animal studies are more efficacious and cost effective than competitors!Explore In Vivo mAbsE ...

    Chemokines   Key Research Areas       C Chemokine Ligands XCL1/Lymphot ...

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