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Interleukin signaling is involved in a number of biological processes, including cell growth and differentiation, inflammation and immunity. Interleukins are glycoproteins which act on hema

Testing for COVID-19 Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organisation have emphasised the crucial importance of

The most abundant immunosuppressive molecule in a solid tumour is not a protein. It is adenosine — a metabolite, produced from ATP in two enzymatic steps, at concentrations orders of magnitude above

The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to a trio of scientists for their groundbreaking work on peripheral immune tolerance, a mechanism that prevents our immune system from a

by Ryan Wallis, PhD student, QMUL, Blizard Institute The microscopic world of cell biology was first explored by Robert Hooke in the 17th century and published in his work, Microgra

Immunology · Antigen PresentationDendritic Cells: Markers, Activation and SubtypesDendritic cells are the professional antigen-presenting cells that decide whether an immune response happens at all. T

Introduction to FoxP3 and Regulatory T Cells in CancerFoxP3 (forkhead box P3) is a transcription factor critical for the development and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs), a speciali

Inflammasomes are complex intracellular structures that play a pivotal role in the immune response by detecting pathogenic microorganisms and sterile stressors. Their activation is a critical step

Mechanical forces are common in biological systems and dominate numerous perturbations that are relevant to human physiology and disease. Mechanobiology is a new field that evaluates the eff

Key Points Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refe

The choice of appropriate cell culture supplements emerges as a crucial factor in ensuring the efficacy and consistency of experimental results. Among the various options available, two commonl

Antigen's are foreign molecules recognised by the immune system. Antigens can be protein, carbohydrate, lipid or nucleic acid molecules. Examples include viruses and bacteria as well as fr