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Leukocytes : Basics to Diseases(Post)
Only 1% of our blood is made up of white blood cells, but they have a significant impact. Alternatively referred to as leukocytes, white blood cells. We are shielded from disease and
CTLA-4 in Breast Cancer: Insights for Immunotherapy(Post)The Role of CTLA-4 in Breast Cancer: Implications for ImmunotherapyBreast cancer (BC) remains one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women worldwide, with significant morbidity and mortality
CD4+ T Cells: Unveiling the Role of Helper and Regulatory T Cells(Post)CD4+ T cells are central to the immune system, functioning as coordinators of immune responses and regulators of immune tolerance. These cells are divided into two primary subtypes: Helpe
COVID-19 Vaccine Candidates(Post)What is COVID-19 COVID-19, the disease caused by the coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2, first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019 has spre
Gut Fungi's Impact on Neurodegenerative Diseases(Post)Exploring the Role of Gut Fungi in Neurodegenerative Diseases Neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia, represent a significant challenge to global health. Recent research has begun to uncover
Interleukin-8 signalling(Post)IL-8 Overview Interleukin-8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8, was discovered over 30 years ago as a small molecule that could promote chemotaxis and induce the production
Heterogeneity of Type 1 diabetes in children(Post)Ahmad Gazali PhD candidate, University of Eastern Finland Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease where the pancreatic β cells that produce insulin, a key hormone involved in t
CD11b: Macrophages and Microglia Marker(Post)The immune system plays a critical role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Within the intricate network of immune cells, CD11b, also known as integ
Novel Gene Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis (Post)Novel Gene Therapies for Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive, life-limiting disease resulting from gene mutations that encode the cystic fibr
Dendritic Cells: Tracing the Developmental Lineage Pathway(Post)Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal in the immune system, orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding their developmental lineage pathway is crucial in immunology, particularly
What is the difference between PBS and dPBS?(Post)Lab Buffers · ProtocolsPBS vs DPBS: What’s the Difference?PBS and DPBS are the everyday isotonic, pH-balanced salt solutions used to wash, dilute and transport cells and proteins. This guide bre
Trained Immunity: How Your Innate Immune System Learns and Remembers(Post)For decades, immunologists believed that only adaptive immunity—the sophisticated system of T cells and B cells—could form lasting memories of past infections. The innate immune system, our body's fir
GPCRs (G Protein Coupled Receptors): A Guide(Post)Cell Signalling · Receptor BiologyGPCRs (G Protein-Coupled Receptors): A Complete GuideG protein-coupled receptors are the largest family of cell-surface receptors in the human genome and the ta
Protein Kinases: Overview, Classification and Therapeutic Potential(Post)Cell Signalling · EnzymologyProtein Kinases: Function, Classification, Structure and InhibitorsProtein kinases transfer a phosphate group from ATP onto specific residues of target proteins, switching
TA Cloning(Page) Sepsis and Immune Dysregulation(Post)Exploring sepsis: a critical imbalance in the immune response to infection. Key Takeaways: Sepsis is a severe, immune-driven response to infection causing systemic inflammation and potent
How Cancer Cells Hijack Immune Defenses Through Mitochondrial Transfer(Post)Imagine a battlefield where the enemy doesn't just hide from soldiers—it actively sabotages their weapons. In the tumor microenvironment, cancer cells have evolved a devious strategy: they transfer th
Cytokine Storms: What happens when the immune system overreacts?(Post)Immunology · HyperinflammationCytokine Storm and Cytokine Release Syndrome: Mechanisms, Triggers and MarkersA cytokine storm is a self-amplifying inflammatory response in which cytokine release drives
Transduction vs Transfection: Understanding Gene Delivery Techniques(Post)Techniques · Gene DeliveryTransduction vs Transfection: Understanding Gene Delivery TechniquesTransduction and transfection are the two main routes for introducing genetic material into cells. Transdu
Do you know…migraines affect more than 10% of the world population?(Post)By Francisco Algaba Chueco In this post we discuss a topic that everyone will have heard of. Let’s talk about migraines, a disorder that hides a huge physiol