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What are MHC Class I and II molecules?(Post)
What are MHC Class I molecules? The MHC class I is a glycoprotein that is expressed on all nucleated cells of the human body. MHC class I are important in disease defense against viruses, b ...
PD-1 Blockade in B-Cell Lymphomas: A Comprehensive Overview(Post)Understanding PD-1 Blockade in B-Cell Lymphomas Understanding PD-1 Blockade in B-Cell Lymphomas Introduction The programmed cell death prot ...
کیت سنجش فعالیت آنزیم تبدیل آنژیوتانسین II (ACE2)(Post)کیت سنجش فعالیت آنزیم تبدیل آنژیوتانسین II (ACE2) (فلورومتریک) آنزیم مبدل آنژیوتانسین II ، (ACE2, EC 3.4.17.23) یک متالوپروتا ...
کیت غربالگری مهار کننده آنزیم آنژیوتانسین II (ACE2)(Post)کیت غربالگری مهار کننده آنزیم آنژیوتانسین II (ACE2) آنزیم تبدیل آنژیوتانسین II(ACE2, EC 3.4.17.23)، کربوکسی پپتیداز بخشی از س ...
MHC Class I vs Class II: Key Differences & Functions [Guide](Post)Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules are essential for immune recognition and response. They are specialized glycoproteins that present antigens to T cells, allowing the immu ...
NLRP3 Inflammasome & Cytokine Secretion(Post)Nod-like receptors Nod like receptors (NLRs) are a versatile family of relatively recently discovered intracellular receptors which have a b ...
Biological Role of GLP-1(Post)Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a critical hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism and has garnered significant attention due to its therapeutic potential in managing diabetes ...
PD-1 & PD-L1 Inhibitors(Post)window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS = window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS || new Array(); window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS.push({ hoverImage: '', uuid: 's-9d0e3f85-cf60-457e-b32a-268d931a22ba' }) PD- ...
The PD-1 Pathway and Cancer Immunotherapy(Post)The initial identification of PD-1 as a potential target for cancer treatment occurred in the late 1990s and early 2000s through studies exploring the regulation of T-cell responses ...
血管紧张素转换酶II(ACE2)抑制剂筛选试剂盒 對於 SARS-CoV-2 | Assay Genie(Post)血管紧张素转换酶II(ACE2)活性测定试剂盒(荧光) 血管紧张素转换酶II(ACE2)活性测定试剂盒(荧光) 血管紧张素转化酶II(ACE2,EC 3.4.17.23)是一种基 ...
Heterogeneity of Type 1 diabetes in children(Post)Ahmad Gazali PhD candidate, University of Eastern Finland Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease where the pancreatic β cells that produce insulin, a key hormone involve ...
Beyond Burnout: How T Cell Exhaustion Hijacks Cancer Immunity and What We Can Do About It(Post)Imagine a highly trained soldier, elite and effective, sent to the front lines of a relentless war. Day after day, they fight without rest, their supplies dwindle, and the enemy never stops coming. E ...
Volagidemab: A Breakthrough in GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Metabolic Disorders(Post)Quick Facts About VolagidemabWhat is Volagidemab?Volagidemab is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor antagonist designed to regulate glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis.How ...
Anti-PD-1: Restoring T Cell Function in Cancer Immunotherapy(Post)Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for various malignancies. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies is the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, par ...
Unlocking a New Immune Checkpoint: The CD47-Thrombospondin-1 Pathway in Cancer(Post)Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized oncology, offering powerful new ways to treat various malignancies by harnessing the body's own immune system. Central to this success are immune checkpoint in ...
IL-1 Family Signaling: Unraveling the Molecular Orchestra of Immune Regulation(Post)The Interleukin-1 (IL-1) family represents a crucial group of signaling molecules that play a pivotal role in regulating the immune system and inflammatory responses. Comprising 11 members, in ...
Dual PD-1/PD-L2 Blockade: Expanding the Horizons of Cancer Immunotherapy(Post)Introduction to PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 in Cancer ImmunotherapyThe PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway has been instrumental in cancer immunotherapy, with PD-1 (programmed death-1) inhib ...
Angiotensin Pathways: Unlocking the Secrets to Blood Pressure Regulation and Beyond(Post)The angiotensin pathway is a pivotal hormonal system that plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance within the body. This complex biochemical ...
Interferons(Post)Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signalling proteins that are produced and released from cells in response to viral infection and other stimuli such as normal and tumour cell survival and ...
LAG-3: Revitalizing T Cells in Exhaustion for Combination Therapies(Post)Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 (LAG-3) is an immune checkpoint receptor that plays a critical role in regulating T cell function. In recent years, LAG-3 has emerged as a potential target f ...
chemokine receptors and ligands(Post)Chemokines are highly conserved cytokines that control the movement of cells around the body. All 45 members of the chemokine family can be divided into 4 subfamilies depending on t ...
The role of IFN gamma in inflammation, cancer and autoimmune disease(Post)Interferons are key cytokines in the immune system, crucial for combating viral and bacterial infections, with significant roles in both innate and adaptive immunity responses. Key Takeaways ...
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP) – Review(Post)Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP) were first discovered in the 1960s by Dr.Marshall Urist, an orthopaedic surgeon at UCLA (Urist 1965). BMPs are classically associated with their roles in limb ...
CRISPR-Cas Screening for Cell Viability(Post)Key Points Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) is a method of gene editing that uses ...
Kit di Estrazione DNA RNA Virus (Post)Kit di Estrazione DNA/RNA Virus Il Kit di Estrazione dell'Acido Nucleico Virale II è stato progettato specificamente per la purificazione efficiente del DNA virale e dell'RNA vir ...
Platinum based cancer drugs and next generation therapeutics(Post)Platinum based cancer drugs Despite nearly 50% of all anti-cancer treatments being platinum-based, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics ...
Dendritic Cells - Markers, Activation & Subtypes(Post)Exploring the multifaceted role of dendritic cells in immune function and disease. Key Takeaways DCs are professional antigen-presenting cells that capture, process, and pres ...
TIGIT: A New Frontier in Cancer and Autoimmune Disease Immunotherapy(Post)TIGIT (T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains) has emerged as a promising target in cancer immunotherapy and the treatment of autoimmune diseases. As a checkpoint receptor, TIGIT ...
The Role of ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2(Post)Structure, Function, and Detection Assays for COVID-2019 Background The global spread of the novel co ...
Anti-CTLA-4 Immunotherapy(Post)CD Markers Cluster of Differentiation (CD) markers play an important role in the differentiation of B cells, T cells and NK (natural killer) c ...
Diabetic Nephropathy & Diabetic Mellitus(Post)Overview of Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major epidemic that affects over 347 million people worldwide (Danaei et al. 2011). The World He ...
CD25 Marker(Post)CD25, a key molecule in immune regulation, is integral to the function of activated lymphocytes and regulatory T cells. It's central in mediating immune responses, with implications in autoimmune ...
Microglial Functions Explained: Immunity, Inflammation & Neurodegeneration(Post)Microglial Functions Explained: Immunity, Inflammation & NeurodegenerationKey TakewaysMicroglia are immune cells in the CNS, originating from myeloid precursor cells.They surveil th ...
CD52 Expression(Post)What is CD52? Cluster Of Differentiation 52 (CD52) is a highly expressed membrane glycoprotein which is present on the surface of immune cel ...
Understanding the Autophagy Pathway: A Critical Process in Cellular Maintenance(Post)Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process, is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to various stressors. This self-eating mechanism involves the degradation and recycling o ...
Growth Factors: Key Players in Biological Processes(Post)Growth factors play a vital role in the complex web of biological processes, serving as key regulators in various essential events. They exert significant influence over cruc ...
COVID-19 Vaccine Candidates(Post)What is COVID-19 COVID-19, the disease caused by the coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2, first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019 has spr ...
Microglial Functions: Immune Response + Neuroinflammation(Post)Key Takeaways: Microglia are immune cells in the CNS, originating from myeloid precursor cells. They surveil the CNS, respond to changes, and maintain neural health. Microglia exist in dif ...
Excluding Doublets in FACS Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide(Post)Overview: Doublet discrimination is essential in Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) to ensure accurate results, as doublets (two cells sticking together) can resemble single cell ...
Understanding Glutamate Receptors: Classification, Function, and Implications in Neurological Disorders(Post)Glutamate receptors are pivotal in mediating excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS), playing crucial roles in synaptic transmission, plasticity, learning, and memory. Th ...
TIM-3: Targeting T Cell Exhaustion for Better Immunotherapy Outcomes(Post)T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) is an immune checkpoint receptor that plays a pivotal role in T cell exhaustion, a state where T cells lose their ability to e ...
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways: Unraveling Lineage-Specific Markers(Post)The intricate process of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation is a cornerstone of developmental biology and regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells, renowned for their self-renewal c ...
Biomarkers & Inflammatory markers of atherosclerosis(Post)As atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory disease, there are many influential biomarkers that contribute to the disease’s progression as well as biomarkers from atherosclerosis related d ...
miRNAs as therapeutics and biomarkers for pancreatic cancer(Post)Pancreatic cancer survival rates Despite recent advances in our understanding of this disease, pancreatic cancer is one of the world’s most lethal maligna ...
Types of Glial Cells(Post)Microglia Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Glial ...
The Rise of Alpha-Emitting Radiopharmaceuticals: A New Era in Targeted Cancer Therapy(Post)Imagine a microscopic sniper, capable of delivering a lethal blow to a single cancer cell while leaving its healthy neighbors virtually untouched. This is the promise of targeted alpha therapy, a re ...
Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Understanding, Diagnosing, and Treating NSCLC(Post)Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, representing about 85% of all lung cancer cases. NSCLC includes several subtypes, with distinct biological c ...
Articular Cartilage Extracellular Matrix(Post)Articular cartilage, a key player in joint function, owes its unique properties to its extracellular matrix (ECM). This complex, highly specialized structure is not only fundamental in maintainin ...
M2 Supplement for Organoid Cell Culture: Enhancing Growth and Differentiation(Post)The use of M2 Supplement in organoid culture has revolutionized the way researchers cultivate and maintain these three-dimensional (3D) cellular models. Organoids—self-organizing cell cl ...
The IL-36 Subfamily | Expression, Function & Regulation(Post)By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD The genes of the IL-36 family members are located in a cluster on chromosome 2 [1]. All three activating ligands, IL-36α, IL-36β ...
CD33 Marker(Post)Introduction Discover the multifaceted role of CD33, a critical player in immune function and disease, shaping our approach to treating cancers and neurodegenerative condition ...
HERV-K group of endogenous retroviruses and cancer(Post)In 2006, upon completion of the Human Genome Project, it was discovered that nearly 8% of the human genome is made up of viral DNA. These viral remnants are composed of ancient germ ...
Influenza Hemagglutinin (HA) Subtypes and Flu Virus Strains: What You Need to Know(Post)The flu is a highly contagious virus that affects the respiratory system. It can cause fever, muscle aches, and coughing. In some cases, it can lead to more serious health complicat ...
PVR: Balancing Immune Activation and Suppression in Cancer(Post)PVR (Poliovirus receptor), also known as CD155, is a molecule that plays a dual role in regulating the immune response within the tumor microenvironment. While initially discovered as a ...
Sensing Danger: The Biology of TLR-Mediated Inflammation(Post)By Eoin Mac Réamoinn Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are renowned for their fundamental roles in innate sensing and initiating inflammatory responses. TLR ...
CD Markers Expression on B Cells(Post)Exploring the realm of B cells, this piece delves into the intricacies of these white blood cells, pivotal in humoral immunity. Through the lens of CD markers and immunophenotyping, we unravel ...
Data Analysis in Flow Cytometry: Harnessing Complexity for Scientific Insight(Post)Flow cytometry is a powerful analytical technology employed in cell biology, immunology, and oncology research. It enables the rapid measurement of physical and chemical characteristics of cells ...
Physiological and Pathological functions of IL-36(Post)By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD Similar to IL-33, IL-36R ligands are involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Analogous to IL-33, d is local ...
Blood Coagulation Pathway: Factors, Cascade & Disorders [Guide](Post)Blood Coagulation Pathways Blood clotting, also known as hemostasis, is a fascinating and intricate process that ensures our bodies can effectively respond to injuries and prevent excessive ...
CRISPR-Powered Light Sensors: A New Frontier in Ultra-Sensitive Cancer Detection(Post)Cancer detection often relies on advanced imaging or invasive procedures, frequently catching the disease at later, more challenging stages. Imagine a future where a simple, non-invasive test could ...
Novel Gene Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis (Post)Novel Gene Therapies for Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive, life-limiting disease resulting from gene mutations that encode the cystic fib ...
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) – Review(Post)Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative haematopoietic malignancy, characterised by a karyotypic abnormality present in more than 95% of cases known as the Philadelp ...
Understanding Parkinson's Disease: Insights and Innovations(Post)Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that predominantly affects the motor system, leading to a wide range of symptoms including tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowne ...
CD4+ T Cells: Unveiling the Role of Helper and Regulatory T Cells(Post)CD4+ T cells are central to the immune system, functioning as coordinators of immune responses and regulators of immune tolerance. These cells are divided into two primary subtypes: Help ...
The role of IL-18 in health and disease(Post)Exploring IL-18: A key cytokine in inflammation and disease. Key Takeaways: IL-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a pivotal role in immune responses, particularly in inducing Type II ...
Milatuzumab: Unveiling Its Role in Cancer Immunotherapy and Research(Post)What You Need to Know About MilatuzumabWhat is Milatuzumab?Milatuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD74, a molecule involved in antigen presentation and cell signaling.
Cytokinesis review(Post)By John Bannon PhD Early Cytokinesis Early cytokinesis; from anaphase to midbody formation cytokinesis is the physical ...
IL-10 signalling and regulation(Post)Explore the complexities of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) signaling and regulation, a crucial aspect in immune response modulation and its dual roles in cancer development and therapy. Key Takeaways ...
Multiple Sclerosis and Stem Cells(Post)By Sonika Singh PhD candidate, University of Nottingham A Devastating Disease Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory disease ba ...
JAK-STAT Signalling and Cytokines: The What, How, and Why(Post)In the intricate landscape of cellular communication, lies a sophisticated ...
Pathological functions of IL-33/ST2 in IBD and Cancer(Post)By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD ...
Esophageal Cancer: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention(Post)Esophageal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the esophagus, which is the tube that carries food and liquids from your mouth to your stomach. Esophageal cancer can cause many d ...
Fluorescence spectroscopy: An early detection tool for cancer.(Post)Millions of people are afflicted with cancer each year. 2016 statistics for the USA alone show over half a million deaths attributed to cancer 1. We have come a long way from our early unders ...
Hydroxychloroquine: Potential Treatment for COVID-19(Post)Hydroxychloroquine: Potential Treatment for COVID-19 What is Hydroxychloroquine? Hydroxychloroquine (HC ...
4-1BB: Energizing Immune Cells to Overcome Tumor Resistance(Post)Immunotherapy has become a central pillar in the fight against cancer, with a focus on enhancing the body’s natural defenses. Among the molecules at the forefront of immunotherapeutic re ...
How Cancer Cells Hijack Immune Defenses Through Mitochondrial Transfer(Post)Imagine a battlefield where the enemy doesn't just hide from soldiers—it actively sabotages their weapons. In the tumor microenvironment, cancer cells have evolved a devious strategy: they transfer t ...
Cortisol and the Immune Response(Post)What is Cortisol? Cortisol is a steroid hormone, classified as a member of the glucocorticoid family of hormones. Cortisol is involved in a plethora of physiological processes in order ...
T Cell Types, Activation, Polarization & Function(Post)T Cell Types, Activation, Polarization & Function A comprehensive guide to T cells! window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS = window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS || new Array(); wi ...
The Lenti Viral Vector System: A New Way to Deliver Genetic Therapies(Post)A new way to deliver genetic therapies is making waves in the medical world. The lenti virus vector system has been shown to be more effective than traditional methods of gene thera ...
Plasma Membrane Markers(Post)What is a Plasma Membrane? The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, is a vital component of all cells. It is a thin, semi-permeable barrier that separat ...
CD47: Overcoming Tumor Evasion Through Macrophage Activation(Post)One of the greatest challenges in cancer therapy is how tumors evade immune detection. Among the mechanisms cancer cells exploit, the CD47 pathway has emerged as a major player in helpin ...
Macrophage, M1 & M2, Polarization and Function(Post)What is a Macrophage? Macrophages are indeed a type of phagocyte, responsible for engulfing and destroying foreign particles and cellular debris. They are larger cells with more cytoplasm a ...
Renal Cell Carcinoma: Understanding, Diagnosing, and Treating Kidney Cancer(Post)Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer, originating in the lining of the proximal renal tubules. RCC accounts for approximately 90% of all kidney cancers and ...
Pancreatic Cancer and its Poor Prognosis(Post)Myrna Hurtado, PhD Student, University of North Texas Health Science Center Advancements in modern medicine have resulted in significantly prolonging and ...
CD28: Amplifying T Cell Responses for Better Tumor Clearance(Post)The CD28 molecule plays a crucial role in amplifying T cell activation, which is critical for mounting effective immune responses against tumors. By engaging with co-stimulatory molecule ...
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) via Droplets and Aerosols (Post)Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) via Droplets and Aerosols What is COVID-19? COVID-19, the dise ...
Colorectal Cancer Review (CRC) - Assay Genie(Post)By Charlotte O’Donnell PhD Cancer Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process that develops through epigenetic changes an ...
Apoptosis Unveiled: Your Complete Guide to Intrinsic & Extrinsic Pathways(Post)Apoptosis Unveiled: Your Complete Guide to Intrinsic & Extrinsic PathwaysAt Assay Genie we have created a comprehensive guide outlining everything you need to know about apoptosis!K ...
OX40 Agonists: Revitalizing the Immune Response in Cancer(Post)Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment options, offering strategies to harness the immune system to target and destroy tumors. One emerging area of interest is the use of OX40 ...
Serum vs Plasma: Key Differences & When to Use Each [Guide](Post)Blood plasma and serum are essential components of blood and have distinct molecular compositions and uses in the medical and research fields. This article aims to elucidate the differences betwe ...
Cell Death Pathways: Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Apoptosis Guide(Post)At Assay Genie we have created a comprehensive guide outlining everything you need to know about apoptosis! Key Takeaways: Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process, vital for tissu ...
The Brain's Sentinels: How Microglia Shape Neuroinflammation in Disease(Post)The Brain's Sentinels: How Microglia Shape Neuroinflammation in Disease In the intricate landscape of the human brain, a silent, ever-watchful guardian stands ready to defend against injury and inva ...
Tunel 1-Step Assay Kits(Page)1-Step TUNEL Kits Unique 1-Step Non-Toxic Dewaxing Step for Late Stage Apoptosis Detection Explore TUNEL Assays ...
Customer Validated Multiplex Panels(Page)window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS = window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS || new Array(); window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS.push({ hoverImage: '', ...
Disease and Pathways Tools(Page)Disease & Pathway ToolsEmpower you Biomedical ResearchDiscover high-quality tools for studying disease pathways, biomarker discovery, and therapeutic development. Ideal for immunolo ...
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Distributors(Page)At Assay Genie, we're proud to support scientists in acheiving their research goals around the globe! Working with the right distributors is an important part of achieving our mission. C ...
PharmaGenie ELISA Kits(Page)PharmaGenie ELISA Validated According to ISO Quality Systems Highly validated ELISA designed to exceed the needs of biopharma R&D s ...
Custom Multiplex Assay(Page)document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",(function(){var e=document.querySelector(".page-sidebar");e&&e.remove(),document.querySelectorAll(".page-heading").forEach((function(e){e.re ...
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