4103 results for 'calcium'

Unravel the complexities of bone resorption, a crucial biological process essential for skeletal health and calcium regulation, through the intricate roles of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Ke

Bone Biology · BiomarkersBone Resorption: Process, Markers & Clinical SignificanceBone resorption is the process by which osteoclasts break down bone tissue and release its stored minerals into the bl

Haematology · CoagulationBlood Coagulation Pathway: Factors, Cascade and DisordersThe coagulation cascade is usually taught as two pathways converging on a common one. That framework maps neatly onto

Shane O’Grady, PhD student, RCSI Cancer is a disease that will, unfortunately, touch all of our lives at some point, directly or indirectly. Despite decades

Nod-like receptors Nod like receptors (NLRs) are a versatile family of relatively recently discovered intracellular receptors which have a br

Lab Buffers · ProtocolsPBS vs DPBS: What’s the Difference?PBS and DPBS are the everyday isotonic, pH-balanced salt solutions used to wash, dilute and transport cells and proteins. This guide bre

In the realm of biological and biochemical research, solutions play a pivotal role in various experimental procedures, from cell culture to molecular biology assays. Among the plethora o

What is CD31? CD31, also known as PECAM-1, was originally described as a cell surface antigen present on platelets and megakaryocytes. CD31 is

Explore the world of astrocytes, crucial star-shaped cells in the brain, and understand how specific markers help study their roles in neural health and disorders. Key Takeaways: Ast

Microglia Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Glial

Cell Signalling · Receptor BiologyGPCRs (G Protein-Coupled Receptors): A Complete GuideG protein-coupled receptors are the largest family of cell-surface receptors in the human genome and the ta

By Francisco Algaba Chueco In this post we discuss a topic that everyone will have heard of. Let’s talk about migraines, a disorder that hides a huge physiol

Haematology · HaemostasisPlatelets: Formation, Structure, Activation and Clinical SignificancePlatelets are anucleate fragments shed from megakaryocytes, and they carry out primary haemostasis — adher

Throughout my graduate and postgraduate studies I have been really intrigued and fascinated by the mitochondria, the organelle that keeps all of us running everyday! The more I learn about

What is VEGF? Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGFs) are a group of homodimeric polypeptides, and are master regulators of vascular development, maintenance and a

Introduction Transformation of bacteria with plasmids is not only of note for bacterial studies but also can be used for gene expression studies in mammalian cells. Most plasmids are of bact

Biologics · Bone MetabolismDenosumab: RANKL Inhibition, Clinical Applications and BiosimilarsDenosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody against RANKL, the cytokine that drives osteoclast formation

Understanding the differentiation pathways of neural stem cells (NSCs) and the identification of lineage-specific markers is a cornerstone in the field of neurobiology and regenerative medicine. T

Platelet activation plays a pivotal role in hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding and initiates wound healing. Central to this process is the activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs

Key Takeaways: Microglia are immune cells in the CNS, originating from myeloid precursor cells. They surveil the CNS, respond to changes, and maintain neural health. Microglia exist in diff

Understanding the dynamics of sodium and potassium ions within biological systems is crucial for deciphering cellular processes and developing therapeutic strategies. Sodium and potassium indicato

Mitophagy, a term derived from the fusion of "mitochondria" and "autophagy," represents a vital cellular process responsible for the targeted degradation and recycling of dysfunctional mitochon

Neuroscience · NeuroimmunologyMicroglial Functions: Immunity, Inflammation & NeurodegenerationMicroglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system — dynamic sentinels that survey the

Annexin V Apoptosis Assay Kits | Flow Cytometry Detection | Assay Genie

What is Wnt Signalling? The Wnt signalling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that plays critical roles in the regulation of determining cell f

IL-8 Overview Interleukin-8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8, was discovered over 30 years ago as a small molecule that could promote chemotaxis and induce the production

Haemostasis · Platelet BiologyUnderstanding Platelet Activation: A Comprehensive OverviewPlatelet activation is the rapid, tightly controlled response by which circulating platelets change shape, rele

Immunology · NeuroscienceHistamine Receptors: H1, H2, H3 & H4 ExplainedHistamine receptors are the G protein-coupled receptors through which histamine controls allergy, gastric acid secretion, neurotr

Biomarkers · InflammationC-Reactive Protein (CRP): Structure, Function and Clinical UseCRP is the most widely measured marker of inflammation in medicine — fast to rise, fast to fall, and entirely non

CD25, a key molecule in immune regulation, is integral to the function of activated lymphocytes and regulatory T cells. It's central in mediating immune responses, with implications in autoimmune

Flow Cytometry · GatingExcluding Doublets in Flow Cytometry: Pulse Geometry and Gating StrategyTwo cells passing the laser together are recorded as one event, with roughly double the signal. In DNA co

Immunology · Cell IsolationPeripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs): Composition, Isolation and UseMononuclear cells are the leukocytes with a single, unlobed nucleus — lymphocytes and monocytes. Is

BDNF Overview Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a central mediator of neuroplasticity, a term used to describe the ability of neurons

Methods · FluorescenceFRET Assays: Principle, Förster Radius and Measurement MethodsFRET transfers energy from an excited donor fluorophore to a nearby acceptor without emitting a photon, and the effi

Cell Signalling · EnzymologyProtein Kinases: Function, Classification, Structure and InhibitorsProtein kinases transfer a phosphate group from ATP onto specific residues of target proteins, switching

Cell Biology · PathologyNecrosis: Types, Causes, Mechanisms and How It Is MeasuredNecrosis is cell death accompanied by membrane rupture and release of intracellular contents — which is what makes it