10213 results for 'caspase-9'

Cell Death · BiomarkersCleaved Caspase-3: Activation, Function and Detection in ApoptosisCaspase-3 sits at the point where apoptotic signalling becomes irreversible. It is made as an inactive proenzym

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a fundamental process that plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of healthy tissues. Central to this process are caspases, a family of cy

Exploring the Role of TIM-3/Gal-9 in Antiparasitic ImmunityIntroductionThe immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that work together to defend the body against pathogens, including

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Cell Biology · Programmed Cell DeathApoptosis: Your Complete Guide to Intrinsic & Extrinsic PathwaysApoptosis is programmed cell death — the controlled, non-inflammatory removal of damaged or unwanted

Interleukin-9 (IL-9) plays a critical role in the immune system, influencing a variety of biological functions across different immune cell types. This article provides an in-depth look at the sig

Delving into the intricate world of Mitotic Catastrophe, this blog unveils its critical role in cell division and cancer therapy, offering insights into its mechanisms and potential treatments.

At Assay Genie we have created a comprehensive guide outlining everything you need to know about apoptosis! Key Takeaways: Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process, vital for tissue

Cell Biology · PathologyNecrosis: Types, Causes, Mechanisms and How It Is MeasuredNecrosis is cell death accompanied by membrane rupture and release of intracellular contents — which is what makes it

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Pyroptosis is an immunogenic form of cell death, meaning that it triggers an immune response. This makes pyroptosis a potentially promising target for immunotherapies that aim to boo

Inflammasomes are complex intracellular structures that play a pivotal role in the immune response by detecting pathogenic microorganisms and sterile stressors. Their activation is a critical step

ST2, a member of the IL-1R Subfamily ST2 is a member of the IL-1R subfamily and was identified in 1989 [1]. The ST2 gene is located on chromoso

Exploring IL-18: A key cytokine in inflammation and disease. Key Takeaways: IL-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a pivotal role in immune responses, particularly in inducing Type II

Cell death is an essential aspect of cellular biology that plays a crucial role in development, homeostasis, and disease. In this blog, we try to focus on mechanisms and various type

The innate immune system, a primary line of defense against pathogens, comprises various cellular and molecular mechanisms. Among these, the Nod-like Receptor (NLR) signaling pathways play a criti

The Interleukin-1 (IL-1) family represents a crucial group of signaling molecules that play a pivotal role in regulating the immune system and inflammatory responses. Comprising 11 members, inc

By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD Similar to IL-33, IL-36R ligands are involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Analogous to IL-33, d is locali

Immunology · T LymphocytesCD8+ T Cells: Cytotoxic Mechanisms, Memory and ExhaustionCD8+ T cells kill infected and transformed cells directly, and they do it with a specificity nothing else in the immu

Nod-like receptors Nod like receptors (NLRs) are a versatile family of relatively recently discovered intracellular receptors which have a br

Enzymology · Protein DegradationProtease vs Peptidase: Understanding the DifferenceProteases and peptidases are the enzymes that cleave peptide bonds — breaking proteins down into peptides and peptide

Techniques · Apoptosis DetectionTUNEL Staining: The Method of Choice for Measuring Cell DeathTUNEL staining is a gold-standard technique for detecting apoptosis in situ. By labelling the fragmented DN

Immunology · Cytokine SignallingTNF-alpha and Inflammation: Structure, Signalling & TherapyTumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is one of the most important pro-inflammatory cytokines in the body. Sig

Antibodies are a special class of Y shaped proteins that help guard your body from invading viruses and bacteria. They do this by either neutralizing the dangerous substance

For decades, the primary strategy in cancer treatment has been to trigger apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, in malignant cells. However, many cancers develop resistance to apoptosis-inducin

Methods · FluorescenceFRET Assays: Principle, Förster Radius and Measurement MethodsFRET transfers energy from an excited donor fluorophore to a nearby acceptor without emitting a photon, and the effi

Quick Facts About TigatuzumabWhat is Tigatuzumab?Tigatuzumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the death receptor 5 (DR5) pathway, inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.What is the mech

What are MHC Class I molecules? The MHC class I is a glycoprotein that is expressed on all nucleated cells of the human body. MHC class I are important in disease defense against viruses, ba

Ovarian cancer is a set of malignancies that start in the ovaries, as well as adjacent portions of the fallopian tubes and peritoneum. Women have two ovaries, one on each side of the u

Quick Facts About EnokizumabWhat is Enokizumab?Enokizumab is a monoclonal antibody designed to target interleukin-9 (IL-9), a cytokine involved in inflammatory responses. It has been stu

Understanding the Bcl-2 Pathway: Implications for Cancer Therapy The Bcl-2 family of proteins plays a pivotal role in regulating apoptosis, a crucial process for maintaining cellular

ILC2 - Function, Cytokines, and Role in Health and Disease A quick guide to IL2C

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The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to a trio of scientists for their groundbreaking work on peripheral immune tolerance, a mechanism that prevents our immune system from a

Molecular Biology · ProtocolsTypical Workflow of CRISPR-Cas9 Genome EditingA CRISPR experiment is only as good as the steps around the cut. This guide walks the full workflow — designing and scoring a

Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative haematopoietic malignancy, characterised by a karyotypic abnormality present in more than 95% of cases known as the Philadelph

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a powerful analytical biochemistry assay that utilizes antibodies and color change to identify a substance. It is widely used in the field of immunolog

The intricate process of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation is a cornerstone of developmental biology and regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells, renowned for their self-renewal ca

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Biochemistry · Protein Guide Amino Acids: Types, Functions, Structure & Essential Guide The 20 standard amino acids are the building blocks of

Immunology · CytokinesIFN-gamma: Signalling, Function and Roles in Inflammation, Cancer and AutoimmunityInterferon gamma is the sole type II interferon and one of the most consequential cytokines in i

The angiotensin pathway is a pivotal hormonal system that plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance within the body. This complex biochemical

SfN 2024: Meet Assay Genie at the Society for NeuroscienceAssay Genie is delighted to be attending SfN 2024 in Chicago, Illinois on 5th to the 9th of October at the McCormick Convention

BDNF Overview Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a central mediator of neuroplasticity, a term used to describe the ability of neurons

Progression of the JAK STAT Signalling Pathway Cellular communication is a complex network of molecular interactions that govern various physiological processes. Among the many signal

Introduction to TLR4 and Cancer Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a key component of the innate immune system, primarily responsible for detecting infections and initiating inflammatory resp

Mitophagy, a term derived from the fusion of "mitochondria" and "autophagy," represents a vital cellular process responsible for the targeted degradation and recycling of dysfunctional mitochon

Enhancing Cancer Research: Syngeneic Mouse Models and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors A quick guide to Syngeneic Mouse Models Syngeneic Mouse Models Cancer research has seen rema

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Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal in the immune system, orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding their developmental lineage pathway is crucial in immunology, particularly

Quick Facts About BococizumabWhat is Bococizumab?Bococizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets PCSK9, a protein involved in cholesterol regulation.How Does Bococizumab Work?It inhibi

A New Dawn in Cancer Treatment: Reprogramming the Immune System's Own Soldiers For decades, the fight against cancer has been a relentless battle of attrition, with treatments like chemotherapy and r

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TIGIT (T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains) has emerged as a promising target in cancer immunotherapy and the treatment of autoimmune diseases. As a checkpoint receptor, TIGIT

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T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) is an immune checkpoint receptor that plays a pivotal role in T cell exhaustion, a state where T cells lose their ability to ef