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Mechanical forces are common in biological systems and dominate numerous perturbations that are relevant to human physiology and disease. Mechanobiology is a new field that evaluates the eff

The flu is a highly contagious virus that affects the respiratory system. It can cause fever, muscle aches, and coughing. In some cases, it can lead to more serious health complicati

You can remove almost every B cell from an animal and barely move its antibody titre. That is not a failed experiment — it is the expected result, and it follows from one fact: CD20 is switched off a

Two asthma biologics have opposite effects on the blood eosinophil count, and both of them work. Mepolizumab empties the eosinophil compartment; dupilumab can transiently raise it. If that seems cont

Immunology Guide 5 Types of Immunoglobulins: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD & IgE The five antibody classes that drive immune defence — their structure, fun

Immunology · HyperinflammationCytokine Storm and Cytokine Release Syndrome: Mechanisms, Triggers and MarkersA cytokine storm is a self-amplifying inflammatory response in which cytokine release drives

What is pharmacogenomics Pharmacogenomics is how DNA variation and drugs interact and how this can optimise patient health; this involves studying pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

Key Facts About EnoblituzumabWhat is Enoblituzumab?Enoblituzumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting the B7-H3 protein, which is expressed on the surface of various cancer cells, includin

What You Need to Know About BersanlimabWhat is Bersanlimab?Bersanlimab is a cutting-edge anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody designed to disrupt cancer cells' evasion of immune detection.What

In the relentless fight against cancer, immunotherapy has emerged as a beacon of hope, harnessing the body's own defenses to combat malignant cells. Yet, predicting which patients will respond to the

Antigen's are foreign molecules recognised by the immune system. Antigens can be protein, carbohydrate, lipid or nucleic acid molecules. Examples include viruses and bacteria as well as fr

Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer, originating in the lining of the proximal renal tubules. RCC accounts for approximately 90% of all kidney cancers and

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects the motor system, leading to a wide array of symptoms ranging from tremors and stiffness to bradykinesia (slo

Written by Seán Mac Fhearraigh, PhD  •  Updated: 19 May 2026  •  ~9 min read Quick Answer ELISA and Western Blot are both antibody-based protein detection methods. ELISA is faster, higher through

Quick Facts About GirentuximabWhat is Girentuximab?Girentuximab is a monoclonal antibody targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), predominantly expressed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cel

Hydroxychloroquine: Potential Treatment for COVID-19 What is Hydroxychloroquine? Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ

In the realm of immunotherapy, T cell expansion has emerged as a pivotal strategy, holding promise in the treatment of various diseases, particularly cancer. T cells are a critical component of

Quick Facts About LabetuzumabWhat is Labetuzumab?Labetuzumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting CEACAM5, a protein overexpressed in various cancers, primarily colorectal carcinoma.How do

Quick Facts About IndusatumabWhat is Indusatumab?Indusatumab is an experimental antibody therapy targeting CD47, a protein that enables cancer cells to evade immune destruction.How does

PCR Detection of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Contents Background Assay Information Sample Types       Upp