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A chimeric antigen receptor is a synthetic protein wired into a real signalling pathway. The extracellular half is an antibody fragment; everything below the membrane is borrowed from the T-cell rece

Tocilizumab reverses cytokine release syndrome within hours, and it never touches the cell that started it. That sentence contains the whole mechanism. The trigger is a T cell — engaged by a CAR, a b

Antibodies are a special class of Y shaped proteins that help guard your body from invading viruses and bacteria. They do this by either neutralizing the dangerous substance

Introduction Tumorigenesis, the process by which normal cells transform into cancer cells, is a multifaceted and complex event influenced by various internal and external factors. Among the

Making the switch! This article provides some help on CV writing tips for scientists for PhDs and PostDocs looking for jobs outside of academia and what they might need to

Most immunology is written as though a T cell must first be told what to look for. Three lineages did not read that memo. γδ T cells, invariant NKT cells and MAIT cells leave the thymus with their ef

Disease & Pathway Tools | ELISA Kits, Antibodies & Assays by Research Area | Assay Genie

Sarah Brun Bar-Yaacov PhD Candidate, University of Liverpool Orthohantaviruses are a group of segmented negative-sense RNA viruses maintained as asympto

Oct-4 stem cells, also known as Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 stem cells, are a fascinating area of study in the field of stem cell research. These stem cells hold great promise due to th

Ferroptosis Assay Kits | Lipid Peroxidation, Iron & Glutathione | Assay Genie

Mitophagy, a term derived from the fusion of "mitochondria" and "autophagy," represents a vital cellular process responsible for the targeted degradation and recycling of dysfunctional mitochon

ELISA-Linearität: Warum der Arbeitsbereich über valide Daten entscheidet ELISA-Rohdaten verlaufen sigmoidal, nicht linear. Zuverlässig quantifizieren lässt sich nur im Arbeitsbereich nahe dem Wendepu

LATS kinases belong to a family of proteins that, in mammals, are comprised of two isoforms, LATS1 and LATS2. Originally identified in Drosophila melanogaster as Warts kinase, LATS1 and LATS2 se

Techniques · Gel ElectrophoresisAgarose vs Polyacrylamide: A Comparative AnalysisAgarose and polyacrylamide are the two workhorse gel matrices of electrophoresis. Agarose gels resolve larger DNA and R

A New Dawn in Lupus Treatment: The Promise of Topical RNA Therapeutics Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a debilitating autoimmune disease that has long puzzled researchers and clinicians. Howeve

In the intricate dance between the immune system and cancer, tumors often deploy cunning strategies to evade destruction. A groundbreaking 2025 study in Nature has unveiled a startling new tactic: can

By Juan Quintana, PhD student, University of Edinbrugh What are Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)? The World Health Organ

Immunology · ImmunophenotypingCD Markers on B Cells: Development, Subsets and ImmunophenotypingB cells change their surface marker profile at every stage from bone marrow progenitor to antibody-secret

PhD Interview Presentation Dos and Don’ts It is becoming increasingly common for master's and undergraduate students to present data they produced during their resea

Fibroblasts, essential components of connective tissues, play vital roles in maintaining tissue structure and function. Their remarkable ability to produce and organize the extracellular matrix