10342 results for 'pro-inflammatory'

Harnessing the immune system to fight cancer has become a pivotal strategy in modern oncology. A key component in this fight is CD27, a receptor that plays a crucial role in T-cell activ ...

SARS-CoV-2, the causative viral agent of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19, has sparked a global effort for creating prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. The following ...

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a powerful analytical biochemistry assay that utilizes antibodies and color change to identify a substance. It is widely used in the field of immunolo ...

Flow Cytometry Protocol The meaning is in the name: Flow = in motion, Cyto = cells, Metry = measure. What is Flow Cytometry? Flow c ...

Mycoprotein is an alternative source of protein that can be used in place of meat. It is made from a fungi called Fusarium venenatum, and is consumed by vegetarians and vegans as a meat su ...

The tau protein is a hot topic in the scientific world right now. This little-known protein has been linked to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative dise ...

Immunophenotyping, a cornerstone of modern immunology, involves identifying and characterizing cell populations based on their surface markers. This technique provides insights into the hetero ...

Introduction Tumorigenesis, the process by which normal cells transform into cancer cells, is a multifaceted and complex event influenced by various internal and external factors. Among th ...

By Zoe Angel, PhD Student, Ulster University Prostate cancer is now the commonest cancer in men and it is the fifth leading cause of death (1). Researc ...

By Eleni Chrysostomou, PhD Candidate, NUIG Why do we need to know how the Nervous System develops and regenerates? The structure and function of ...

Deprotonation is a fundamental chemical process that plays a crucial role in various aspects of chemistry, ranging from organic synthesis to biochemistry. It involves the removal of a proton ( ...

Explore the essential role of Tau proteins in neuronal health and their impact in neurodegenerative diseases, unfolding the complexity behind their functions and dysfunctions. Key Takeaways: ...

AACR 2025: Meet Assay Genie at the American Association for Cancer Research Assay Genie is delighted to be attending and exhibiting at AACR 2025 in Chicago, Illinois from the 25-30 ...

Sarah Brun Bar-Yaacov PhD Candidate, University of Liverpool Orthohantaviruses are a group of segmented negative-sense RNA viruses maintained as asympt ...

p53, encoded by the TP53 gene on chromosome 17, is a fundamental protein safeguarding against tumor formation. It orchestrates cellular responses to DNA damage and stress, crucially managing cell ...

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) have revolutionized the field of molecular and cellular biology, allowing scientists to visualize and track biological processes in live cells with unprecedented clarit ...

In the complex world of biochemical processes, enzymes play a crucial role in catalyzing various reactions necessary for life. Among these enzymes, proteases and peptidases are fundamental pla ...

What Are GPCRs? GPCRs, or G protein-coupled receptors, are a large family of membrane proteins that play a crucial role in cell signaling. They are involved in tran ...

The Role of CD25+FOXP3+CD45RA- Treg Cells in Cancer PrognosisIntroductionRegulatory T-cells (Treg cells) are a specialized subset of T-cells that play a pivotal role in maintaining immune homeostasis ...

Radial glial cells are essential in shaping the nervous system, serving dual roles in neurogenesis and structural support during the brain's developmental stages. Key Takeaways: Rad ...

B7-H3, also known as CD276, is a member of the B7 family of immune checkpoint molecules that has emerged as a compelling target in tumor immunotherapy. Initially recognized for its role ...

Hybridoma technology, a revolutionary method in immunology pioneered by Georges Köhler and César Milstein in the 1970s, has transformed the landscape of antibody production. This groundbreaking t ...

Quick Facts About PraluzatamabWhat is Praluzatamab?Praluzatamab is an experimental monoclonal antibody that targets CD47, a “don’t eat me” signal used by cancer cells to evade immune de ...

For decades, cancer drug development has focused on blocking proteins—inhibiting enzymes, antagonizing receptors, disrupting signaling pathways. Yet this approach leaves a vast landscape of disease- ...

Boiling proteins is a critical step in preparing samples for Western blotting, a technique widely used to detect specific proteins in complex mixtures. Proper heating denatures the prote ...

In the evolving landscape of biochemical research and diagnostic assay development, the ability to label non-antibody proteins and small molecules with high precision has become indispensable. Th ...

In the intricate ballet of cellular communication and regulation, growth factors play pivotal roles in guiding the processes of cell growth, division, and differentiation. These proteins are esse ...

A New Dawn in Cancer Treatment: Reprogramming the Immune System's Own Soldiers For decades, the fight against cancer has been a relentless battle of attrition, with treatments like chemotherapy and ...

SITC 2024: Meet Assay Genie at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer Annual MeetingAssay Genie is delighted to be attending and exhibiting at SITC 2024 in Houston, Texas on Friday the ...

Growth factors play a vital role in the complex web of biological processes, serving as key regulators in various essential events. They exert significant influence over cruc ...

What do scientists consider their skill set when looking for jobs outside of academia? Mine where hard to sum. I was a PhD in cell biology. I could Western Blot, I had used thousands of ant ...

The immune system is the body’s main defence against infection. In order to function properly, the immune system must be able to detect and protect against infinite agents s ...

ELISA Genie is delighted to announce the date of our next Cancer Research Club which will be taking place on the 31st of March at TTMI, Trinity College Dublin. This event will foc ...

Introduction to Sci-Hub In the realm of science and academia, one name has been echoing in every corner of the globe, Sci-Hub. Created by Alexandra Elbakyan, a Kazakhstani computer scientis ...

Mechanical forces are common in biological systems and dominate numerous perturbations that are relevant to human physiology and disease. Mechanobiology is a new field that evaluates the ef ...

The ERK signal transduction pathway stands as a fundamental mechanism in cellular biology, orchestrating a wide array of physiological processes, including cell division, differentiation, and sur ...

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are pivotal in regulating cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and survival. The FGF signaling pathways play a critical role in embryonic ...

Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process, is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to various stressors. This self-eating mechanism involves the degradation and recycling o ...

Discover the intricacies of cellular respiration, a critical process for energy production in cells, encompassing aerobic and anaerobic pathways and their molecular mechanisms Key Takeaway ...

Introduction to CD155 in Cancer ImmunotherapyCD155, also known as Poliovirus Receptor (PVR), is a transmembrane protein that plays a pivotal role in tumor immune evasion. While CD155 is ...

Platelet adhesion is a critical process in the maintenance of hemostasis, the body's response to bleeding. This intricate process involves a series of interactions between platelets, the cellular ...

In this blog post, we will review prostate cancer markers and what you should look for in your results. Prostate antigen marker (PSA) and p63 are the most common markers found in pr ...

IntroductionCancer cells have developed sophisticated mechanisms to evade the immune system, particularly through the inhibition of T-cell responses. One such mechanism involves the prog ...

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in maintaining immune balance by suppressing excessive immune responses that could lead to tissue damage. However, in the context of cancer ...

Ovarian cancer is a set of malignancies that start in the ovaries, as well as adjacent portions of the fallopian tubes and peritoneum. Women have two ovaries, one on each side of the ...

Imagine a future where cancer cells, once masters of disguise, are forced to reveal themselves and even train the body's immune system to fight back. This isn't science fiction; it's the groundbreak ...

The Double-Edged Sword: How Neutrophil Traps Can Both Help and Hinder Cancer's Spread In the intricate battlefield of the human body, the immune system’s foot soldiers, neutrophils, have long been r ...

Understanding Zonulin: Key Regulator of Intestinal Barrier Function Zonulin is a crucial physiological modulator of intercellular tight junctions, playing a significant role in regulating intestina ...

As a vital component of the immune system, the Alternative Complement Pathway plays a crucial role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining immune homeostasis. In this blog, we ...

Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 (LAG-3) is an immune checkpoint receptor that plays a critical role in regulating T cell function. In recent years, LAG-3 has emerged as a potential target f ...

Delve into the role of Cleaved Caspase-3 in programmed cell death and its implications in disease pathologies, unraveling its regulatory mechanisms and potential as a therapeutic target.

By Ciara Coleman PhD General Introduction Coeliac Disease (CD) is defined as a common, chronic inflammatory di ...

Chemokines are small signaling proteins that play a crucial role in the immune system by directing the movement of cells, orchestrating immune responses, and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Th ...

Both Assay Genie MORV0010 and Promega E1910 effectively quenched Firefly luciferase before Renilla detection, minimizing signal overlap. E1910 achieved 99.95% quenching efficiency, whil ...

Platelet activation plays a pivotal role in hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding and initiates wound healing. Central to this process is the activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR ...

Adhesion Molecules Direct cell-cell interactions are maintained and regulated by cell adhesion molecules. The expression of adhesion molecule ...

Introduction to TNFRSF9 and Its Role in Immune ActivationTNFRSF9, also known as 4-1BB or CD137, is a co-stimulatory receptor expressed on the surface of T cells, natural killer (NK) cell ...

Small molecule inhibitors represent a significant advancement in the field of therapeutic interventions, offering a versatile approach to treating a myriad of diseases, including cancer, viral in ...

By Charlotte O’Donnell PhD Cancer Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process that develops through epigenetic changes an ...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers and there are 630,000 new cases diagnosed every year worldwide (De Minicis et al. 2013). HCC develops frequently f ...

Ubiquitin is a small, highly conserved protein found in eukaryotic cells that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes. The process of ubiquitination involves the covalent at ...

Antibody Struct ...

Microglia Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Glial ...

Understanding the Bcl-2 Pathway: Implications for Cancer Therapy The Bcl-2 family of proteins plays a pivotal role in regulating apoptosis, a crucial process for maintaining cellula ...

What is CD31? CD31, also known as PECAM-1, was originally described as a cell surface antigen present on platelets and megakaryocytes. CD31 is ...

Ralitsa R. Madsen – University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories Each one of us is the result of an extraordinary developmental proce ...

One of the greatest challenges in cancer therapy is how tumors evade immune detection. Among the mechanisms cancer cells exploit, the CD47 pathway has emerged as a major player in helpin ...

Breakthrough Discovery: Epstein-Barr Virus Identified as Primary Trigger for Lupus A groundbreaking study published in November 2025 has provided the most definitive evidence to date that the common ...

The choice of appropriate cell culture supplements emerges as a crucial factor in ensuring the efficacy and consistency of experimental results. Among the various options available, two common ...

Exploring the multifaceted role of dendritic cells in immune function and disease. Key Takeaways DCs are professional antigen-presenting cells that capture, process, and pres ...

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The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to a trio of scientists for their groundbreaking work on peripheral immune tolerance, a mechanism that prevents our immune system from ...

In 2006, upon completion of the Human Genome Project, it was discovered that nearly 8% of the human genome is made up of viral DNA. These viral remnants are composed of ancient germ ...

Acetylation, a chemical process characterized by the addition of an acetyl functional group to a molecule, stands as a cornerstone in both biochemical and biological landscapes. Its significan ...

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in various physiological processes within the human body. It has gained significant attention in the field o ...

Streptococcus pneumoniae, commonly known as pneumococcus, is a Gram-positive, encapsulated bacterium that is a leading cause of respiratory and invasive diseases worldwide. It is part of ...

A new way to deliver genetic therapies is making waves in the medical world. The lenti virus vector system has been shown to be more effective than traditional methods of gene thera ...

MST2/Hippo PathwayMammalian Sterile Twenty (MST) pathways have been identified as a homologue of the ste20 kinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Creasy and Chernoff 1995). The MST2/Hippo pathwa ...

Explore the world of astrocytes, crucial star-shaped cells in the brain, and understand how specific markers help study their roles in neural health and disorders. Key Takeaways: As ...

Introduction Discover the multifaceted role of CD33, a critical player in immune function and disease, shaping our approach to treating cancers and neurodegenerative condition ...

A wide variety of cell surface receptors activate Ras GTPase, including the tyrosine receptor linked to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (Wells 1999). Upon receptor stimulation, son ...

For years, our understanding of cancer focused primarily on the tumor cells themselves and the immune system's response. However, a groundbreaking wave of research is revealing a startling truth: ne ...

What is a Plasma Membrane? The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, is a vital component of all cells. It is a thin, semi-permeable barrier that separat ...

Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal in the immune system, orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding their developmental lineage pathway is crucial in immunology, particularl ...

In the intricate landscape of the brain, cells constantly communicate, sending and receiving messages that govern our thoughts, memories, and movements. For decades, scientists believed this communic ...

What You Need to Know About InebilizumabWhat is Inebilizumab?Inebilizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets CD19, a protein expressed on B cells, to treat autoimmune disea ...

Quick Facts About AlemtuzumabWhat is Alemtuzumab?Alemtuzumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD52, primarily used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and certain cancers like ...

Imagine engineering a patient's own immune cells into precision-guided missiles against cancer—cells that can seek out and destroy tumors with remarkable specificity. This is the promise of CAR-T cel ...

Exploring the realm of B cells, this piece delves into the intricacies of these white blood cells, pivotal in humoral immunity. Through the lens of CD markers and immunophenotyping, we unravel ...

Protein kinase B or AKT (PKB) is a serine/threonine kinase. In mammals it is comprised of 3 highly homologous isoforms PKBα (Akt1), PKBβ (Akt2), and PKBγ (Akt3) (Manning and Cantley 2007). AKT ...

Quick Facts About UlocuplumabWhat is Ulocuplumab?Ulocuplumab is an investigational monoclonal antibody targeting CXCR4, a chemokine receptor involved in tumor progression and immune cel ...

Amino acids are the fundamental units of proteins, playing critical roles in virtually every biological process. Composed of a central carbon atom bonded to an amino group (-NH₂), a carb ...

Quick Facts About IanalumabWhat is Ianalumab?Ianalumab is a monoclonal antibody currently being investigated for its potential in treating autoimmune diseases, particularly lupus and im ...

Quick Facts About AducanumabWhat is Aducanumab?Aducanumab is a monoclonal antibody designed to target and reduce amyloid-beta plaques in the brain, a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease.Wha ...

In the intricate world of cancer biology, a silent conversation is constantly unfolding between tumor cells and their environment. For decades, we viewed this dialogue as a one-way street, with cance ...

The IgA test, also known as immunoglobulin A test, is a diagnostic tool used to measure the levels of IgA antibodies in the blood. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a type of antibody that plays a cru ...

PharmaGenie ELISA Validated According to ISO Quality Systems Highly validated ELISA designed to exceed the needs of biopharma R&D s ...

Disease & Pathway ToolsEmpower you Biomedical ResearchDiscover high-quality tools for studying disease pathways, biomarker discovery, and therapeutic development. Ideal for immunolo ...

Localised ResourcesMultiple languages avaialableAccess research materials in multiple languages, including French, Spanish, Japanese, and more, to support your global research needs.Get ...

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