1200 results for 'mapk'

Cell Signalling · InflammationMAPK Signalling in Inflammatory Cytokine PathwaysMAPK cascades convert receptor engagement into changes in gene expression, and in inflammation they do it in both directi

The p38 MAPK signaling pathway is an intracellular signaling pathway that plays a crucial role in cellular responses to various stressors and inflammatory stimuli. It is a part of the larger MAPK

Cell Signalling · Kinase CascadesMAPK Signaling: The Pathway of Mitogen StimulationThe mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is one of the most important signalling cascades in biology, conv

Chemokines are small signaling proteins that play a crucial role in the immune system by directing the movement of cells, orchestrating immune responses, and maintaining tissue homeostasis. The

Scaffold Proteins Environmental stimuli result in different biological responses including cell growth, proliferation or apoptosis. How cells translate specific stimuli into a specific cellu

Cell Signalling · MetabolismInsulin Signalling & Receptor Tyrosine KinasesInsulin controls metabolism and growth through the insulin receptor — a receptor tyrosine kinase that branches into the

Fenofibrate, also known as FEN, is a drug that is used to lower cholesterol levels. It works by blocking the absorption of dietary cholesterol in the small intestine and therefore, red

By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD The genes of the IL-36 family members are located in a cluster on chromosome 2 [1]. All three activating ligands, IL-36α, IL-36β a

IQGAP1: IQ-motif containing GTPase-activating-like protein-1 reviewIQ motif-containing GTPase-activating-like protein-1 (IQGAP1) is a 190 KDa protein that belongs to a conserved family of sc

By Eoin Mac Réamoinn Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are renowned for their fundamental roles in innate sensing and initiating inflammatory responses. TLRs acco

The prevalence of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders has risen dramatically in recent decades, presenting a significant global health challenge. Adipose tissue, once considered mere

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers and there are 630,000 new cases diagnosed every year worldwide (De Minicis et al. 2013). HCC develops frequently fr

IL-8 Overview Interleukin-8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8, was discovered over 30 years ago as a small molecule that could promote chemotaxis and induce the production

Cell Signalling · Growth FactorsGrowth Factors: Families, Receptors and Signalling PathwaysGrowth factors are secreted proteins that instruct cells whether to divide, differentiate, migrate or survive

The neutrophil is the most heavily armed short-lived cell in the body. It leaves the marrow with its weapons already made — granules preloaded with elastase, myeloperoxidase and defensins — and spend

A wide variety of cell surface receptors activate Ras GTPase, including the tyrosine receptor linked to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (Wells 1999). Upon receptor stimulation, son o

Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in orchestrating various cellular processes, ranging from embryonic development to tissue homeostasis and immune resp