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TGF-Beta SMAD Signalling Pathway: Function, Readouts and Assays(Post)
Almost all of the TGF-β in a tissue is already there, and almost none of it is active. That single fact reorganises how the pathway should be studied. Unlike most cytokines, TGF-β is deposited into t
Trauma Immunology(Post)Traumatic injuries & death When I ask people what the leading cause of death is in the United States in people age 44 and under, they generally reply saying
CD39: A Novel Target to Overcome Immunosuppression in Cancer(Post)Introduction to CD39 and Cancer Immunosuppression CD39 is an ectonucleotidase enzyme that plays a crucial role in generating adenosine, a powerful immunosuppressive molecule within the tu
NLRP3 Inflammasome and Pyroptosis: Pathway, Function and Assays(Post)The inflammasome is one of the few innate pathways that destroys the cell it activates. A macrophage that assembles NLRP3 has committed to a decision it cannot reverse: a priming signal through TLR4
Types of PCR – 7 Methods, Principles & Applications(Post)Molecular Biology · Techniques Guide Types of PCR – 7 Methods, Principles & Applications PCR stands as a cornerstone in molecular biology, ena
Combien coûte réellement un anticorps de recherche ?(Post)Combien coûte réellement un anticorps de recherche ? Prévoyez un budget de 130 à 2 500 dollars par anticorps selon le format et l’application visée, mais ce chiffre ne raconte qu’une partie de l’hist
TMB Incubation Time in ELISA: Why It Makes or Breaks Results(Post)Quick answer A researcher ran a high-sensitivity porcine insulin sandwich ELISA on EDTA plasma and saw main-run duplicate CVs as high as 29.6% (kit spec: intra-assay CV <8%) togethe
CD8+ T Cells: Understanding the Role of Cytotoxic T Cells in Immunity(Post)Immunology · T LymphocytesCD8+ T Cells: Cytotoxic Mechanisms, Memory and ExhaustionCD8+ T cells kill infected and transformed cells directly, and they do it with a specificity nothing else in the immu
Targeting Immune Checkpoints as Cancer Therapy(Post)In recent years, the field of oncology has witnessed a paradigm shift with the advent of immunotherapy, a treatment modality that harnesses the body's immune system to combat cancer. Among the mos
Leukocytes : Basics to Diseases(Post)Only 1% of our blood is made up of white blood cells, but they have a significant impact. Alternatively referred to as leukocytes, white blood cells. We are shielded from disease and
CTLA-4 in Breast Cancer: Insights for Immunotherapy(Post)The Role of CTLA-4 in Breast Cancer: Implications for ImmunotherapyBreast cancer (BC) remains one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women worldwide, with significant morbidity and mortality
GPCRs (G Protein Coupled Receptors): A Guide(Post)Cell Signalling · Receptor BiologyGPCRs (G Protein-Coupled Receptors): A Complete GuideG protein-coupled receptors are the largest family of cell-surface receptors in the human genome and the ta
Immunometabolism – A therapeutic perspective(Post)What is Immunometabolism? Immunometabolism is an exponentially growing, multi-disciplinary field of research aiming at deciphering the dynamic cellular and mole
Competitive vs Sandwich ELISA: Should You Subtract the Blank?(Post)Quick answer: A researcher subtracted the blank from a competitive ELISA (a Serotonin kit) and every result turned negative. In a competitive assay the signal is inversely proportional to
RIPA Buffer Recipe - Cell Lysis | Assay Genie(Post)RIPA (Radio Immuno Precipitation Assay) buffer is mostly used when carrying out a western blot or immunoprecipatation assay. A RIPA buffer is used in order to lyse cells and extract protein fro
Typical Workflow of CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing(Post)Molecular Biology · ProtocolsTypical Workflow of CRISPR-Cas9 Genome EditingA CRISPR experiment is only as good as the steps around the cut. This guide walks the full workflow — designing and scoring a
Excluding Doublets in FACS Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide(Post)Flow Cytometry · GatingExcluding Doublets in Flow Cytometry: Pulse Geometry and Gating StrategyTwo cells passing the laser together are recorded as one event, with roughly double the signal. In DNA co
Human Multiplex ELISA Panels(Page)Human Multiplex Cytokine ELISA Panels | Assay Genie
What is the difference between PBS and dPBS?(Post)Lab Buffers · ProtocolsPBS vs DPBS: What’s the Difference?PBS and DPBS are the everyday isotonic, pH-balanced salt solutions used to wash, dilute and transport cells and proteins. This guide bre
ELISA Troubleshooting: When Standards Read Below the Blank(Post)Quick answer On the GDF-6 (Growth Differentiation Factor 6) ELISA Kit, a researcher saw an elevated blank (OD ≈ 0.41) with the two lowest standards reading at or below it, and no signa