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    ​TNF alpha & Inflammation(Post)

    Delving into TNF alpha's critical role in inflammation and its therapeutic targeting. Key Takeaways: TNF alpha is a crucial cytokine in inflammation and apoptosis. Its structure facilita ...

    TNF cytokines and their Receptors(Post)

    The human body is a complex and intricate system where various components work together to maintai ...

    TNFRSF9: Enhancing Immune Cell Activity Against Tumors(Post)

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    TNFR2: Taming Regulatory T Cells to Enhance Anti-Tumor Immunity(Post)

    In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has become a powerful tool for treating various malignancies. One promising approach involves targeting the tumor microenvironment, particularly reg ...

    MAPK Signaling in Inflammatory Cytokines Pathways(Post)

    The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway is a pivotal signaling cascade that plays a crucial role in mediating cellular responses to various external stimuli. This pathway is intricate ...

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    Biomarkers & Inflammatory markers of atherosclerosis(Post)

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    Adalimumab: Mechanism, Clinical Applications, and the Role of Biosimilars(Post)

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    Dendritic Cells - Markers, Activation & Subtypes(Post)

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    Guide to Understanding Th1 and Th2 Cells(Post)

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    Fenofibrate Usage for Diabetes Damage(Post)

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    The Rat Effectively Models Signature Cytokines of T Helper Cells(Post)

    Understanding the immune system's intricacies requires models that accurately reflect its complexity. The rat, as a model organism, plays a crucial role in immunological research, particularly i ...

    Adhesion molecules in atherosclerosis – ICAM1(Post)

    Adhesion Molecules Direct cell-cell interactions are maintained and regulated by cell adhesion molecules. The expression of adhesion molecule ...

    Neuroimmunology: The Immune System of the CNS(Post)

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    What are the stages of Parkinson's disease?(Post)

    What is Parkinson’s disease? Parkinson's disease can be seen as a neurodegenerative disease because it is associated with the loss of nerve ce ...

    An Overview of the glycoprotein GM-CSF(Post)

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    CD52 Expression(Post)

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    Cytokine Storms: What happens when the immune system overreacts?(Post)

    Discover the critical role of cytokines as signaling molecules in immune responses, their functions, and the impact of their dysregulation, including cytokine storms. Key Takeaways: C ...

    Anti-CTLA-4 Immunotherapy(Post)

    CD Markers Cluster of Differentiation (CD) markers play an important role in the differentiation of B cells, T cells and NK (natural killer) c ...

    A Comprehensive Overview of Cell Death(Post)

    Cell death is an essential aspect of cellular biology that plays a crucia ...

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    Ovarian cancer is a set of malignancies that start in the ovaries, as well as adjacent portions of the fallopian tubes and peritoneum. Women have two ovaries, one on each side of the ...

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    Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signalling proteins that are produced and released from cells in response to viral infection and other stimuli such as normal and tumour cell survival and ...

    Liposomal nanosilver encapsulation for cytotoxic assays(Post)

    Nanosilver is the most commercialised nanoparticle routinely used for its antibacterial purposes in food preservation, cosmetic and health products such as medical devices and wound treatme ...

    Macrophage, M1 & M2, Polarization and Function(Post)

    What is a Macrophage? Macrophages are indeed a type of phagocyte, responsible for engulfing and destroying foreign particles and cellular debris. They are larger cells with more cytoplasm a ...

    What is CAR T-cell therapy?(Post)

    CAR T-cell therapy CAR (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) T-cell Therapy is a type of cancer treatment. CAR T-cells are made in the laboratory and they have an artificially created receptor on th ...

    Immuno-Biomaterial Development | Assay Genie(Post)

    Background I am a 3rd year PhD student in Trinity College Dublin and my project is very much an interdisciplinary one. I’m very lucky to get to work between two great labs, Dr. Aisling Dun ...

    CXCL16 – Review(Post)

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    CD31: A Comprehensive Look at an Essential Biomarker(Post)

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    Immuno Oncology: If cancer was a pathogen, would a vaccine be able to destroy it?(Post)

    Thanks to the great intuitions of brilliant scientists like Louis Pasteur, Edward Jenner, Robert Koch, Emil von Behring, Gaston Leon Ramon, Albert Sabin, Jonas Salk in the past century, the ...

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    Chemokines versus Cytokines: A Detailed Comparative Study(Post)

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    Understanding Antibody Staining for Antigen Detection in Flow Cytometry(Post)

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    p38 MAPK Signaling Review(Post)

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    Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF)(Post)

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    Comprehensive Guide to Mononuclear Cells(Post)

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    Etigilimab: Unveiling the Role of Anti-TIGIT in Cancer Research(Post)

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    Iscalimab: Advancing Research in Autoimmune Diseases and Transplantation(Post)

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    How we can target the underlying immune processes in pathological inflammation in obesity, cancer and liver disease.(Post)

    Dr. Melissa Conroy, TTMI I am an immunologist and senior research fellow in the Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery at Trinit ...

    TLR4: Unraveling the Role of Inflammation in Cancer Progression(Post)

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    Decoding Parkinson's Disease: Insights into a Complex Neurological Disorder(Post)

    Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects the motor system, leading to a wide array of symptoms ranging from tremors and stiffness to bradykinesia (sl ...

    Physiological and Pathological functions of IL-36(Post)

    By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD Similar to IL-33, IL-36R ligands are involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Analogous to IL-33, d is local ...

    Polyclonal Vs Monoclonal antibodies: Key features (Post)

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    Myeloid Lineage: Pioneers of Immune Cell Production(Post)

    Delve into the myeloid lineage, a cornerstone of the immune system and blood cell production, understanding its vital roles and implications in health and disease. Key Takeaways: Myelo ...

    Preeclampsia & immune cell regulation | Assay Genie(Post)

    What is preeclampsia? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one in ten pregnant women is affected by hypertensive disorders, and preeclampsia ...

    Sensing Danger: The Biology of TLR-Mediated Inflammation(Post)

    By Eoin Mac Réamoinn Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are renowned for their fundamental roles in innate sensing and initiating inflammatory responses. TLR ...

    CD8+ T Cells: Understanding the Role of Cytotoxic T Cells in Immunity(Post)

    CD8+ T cells, also known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), are a critical component of the immune system. They play a vital role in defending the body against viral infections, intracel ...

    An Insight Into Necrosis- Causative Effects And Methods Of Prevention(Post)

    What is Necrosis? Necrosis is a pathological process characterized by the death of cells or tissues within a living organism. It occurs as a result of various factors, including injury, inf ...

    Nod-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway: A Keystone in Innate Immunity(Post)

    The innate immune system, a primary line of defense against pathogens, comprises various cellular and molecular mechanisms. Among these, the Nod-like Receptor (NLR) signaling pathways play a crit ...

    VEGF: Inflammation and Tumourigenesis(Post)

    What is VEGF? Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGFs) are a group of homodimeric polypeptides, and are master regulato ...

    Data Science for Immunologists | Assay Genie(Post)

    By Dr. Niclas Thomas “Data science” is a recent addition to the vocabulary of analytics, and can mean many different things to different people. As f ...

    Fibroblast Markers(Post)

    Fibroblasts, essential components of connective tissues, play vital roles in maintaining tissue structure and function. Their remarkable ability to produce and organize the extracellular matrix ...

    CD11b: Macrophages and Microglia Marker(Post)

    The immune system plays a critical role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Within the intricate network of immune cells, CD11b, also known as inte ...

    Anti-PD-L1: Targeting Tumor Evasion with Immune Checkpoint Blockade(Post)

    IntroductionCancer cells have developed sophisticated mechanisms to evade the immune system, particularly through the inhibition of T-cell responses. One such mechanism involves the prog ...

    CD4+ T Cells: Unveiling the Role of Helper and Regulatory T Cells(Post)

    CD4+ T cells are central to the immune system, functioning as coordinators of immune responses and regulators of immune tolerance. These cells are divided into two primary subtypes: Help ...

    In Vitro Vs In Vivo Studies(Post)

    Discover the distinct roles of 'In Vivo' and 'In Vitro' in biological research, where one offers a natural context and the other precise control, both vital for scientific advancement.

    Cleaved Caspase-3 and Apoptosis(Post)

    Delve into the role of Cleaved Caspase-3 in programmed cell death and its implications in disease pathologies, unraveling its regulatory mechanisms and potential as a therapeutic target.

    NK Cells: Unlocking the Potential of Natural Killer Cells in Cancer Therapy(Post)

    Natural killer (NK) cells are a crucial component of the innate immune system and play a significant role in eliminating tumor cells. Unlike T cells, NK cells can recognize and kill canc ...

    Vorsetuzumab: Advancing Cancer Research with CD70 Targeting(Post)

    What You Need to Know About VorsetuzumabWhat is Vorsetuzumab?Vorsetuzumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD70, a protein found in various cancers. It shows promise for advancing can ...

    Estrogen and Breast Cancer: a Nuclear (Receptor) War(Post)

    By Dr. Lisa Dwane, Postdoctoral Researcher, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland The first link between estrogen and breast cancer was made in the ...

    IL-10 signalling and regulation(Post)

    Explore the complexities of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) signaling and regulation, a crucial aspect in immune response modulation and its dual roles in cancer development and therapy. Key Takeaways ...

    GPCRs (G Protein Coupled Receptors): A Guide(Post)

    What Are GPCRs? GPCRs, or G protein-coupled receptors, are a large family of membrane proteins that play a crucial role in cell sign ...

    Coeliac Disease Signaling – Review | Assay Genie(Post)

    By Ciara Coleman PhD General Introduction Coeliac Disease (CD) is defined as a common, chronic inflammatory di ...

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