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PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signalling in T Cells: Pathway, Function and Assays(Post)
PI3K does not switch on a protein — it rewrites a membrane. Everything downstream follows from one chemical event: the 3-hydroxyl of a phosphoinositide is phosphorylated, PIP₂ becomes PIP₃, and every
Pamrevlumab: Unveiling the Potential of Anti-Fibrotic Therapy in Clinical Trials and Research(Post)Quick Facts About PamrevlumabWhat is Pamrevlumab?Pamrevlumab (FG-3019) is a monoclonal antibody designed to target and inhibit the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a key driver of
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA): A Cornerstone in Angiogenesis and Beyond(Post)Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) is a pivotal signaling protein involved in both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, processes essential for the formation of blood vessels during embryoni
AKT Signalling – Mini Review(Post)Protein kinase B or AKT (PKB) is a serine/threonine kinase. In mammals it is comprised of 3 highly homologous isoforms PKBα (Akt1), PKBβ (Akt2), and PKBγ (Akt3) (Manning and Cantley 2007). AKT
T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling(Page) Autophagy alterations in Alzheimer’s disease(Post)By Diana-Madalina Stan, PhD student, University of Salford Disease Description Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a neu
EGF Family (Post)Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a protein that stimulates cell growth and differentiation by binding to its receptor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which triggers ligand-induced d
Cytokinesis review(Post)By John Bannon PhD Early Cytokinesis Early cytokinesis; from anaphase to midbody formation cytokinesis is the physical s
Cytokine JAK/STAT signalling(Page) ELISA High Background Troubleshooting: FBS Matrix Interference(Post)Quick answer A researcher running a Rat Eotaxin/CCL11 (Eotaxin) sandwich ELISA saw sample readings sit above the top standard and wells turn colour the instant TMB was added — even aft
What is the difference between PBS and dPBS?(Post)Lab Buffers · ProtocolsPBS vs DPBS: What’s the Difference?PBS and DPBS are the everyday isotonic, pH-balanced salt solutions used to wash, dilute and transport cells and proteins. This guide bre
Understanding Radial Glial Cells: Insights into Neurodevelopmental Processes(Post)Radial glial cells are essential in shaping the nervous system, serving dual roles in neurogenesis and structural support during the brain's developmental stages. Key Takeaways: Radi
Zolbetuximab: A Breakthrough in Targeting Claudin 18.2 for Cancer Treatment(Post)Quick Facts About ZolbetuximabWhat is Zolbetuximab?Zolbetuximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets Claudin 18.2, a protein overexpressed in gastric and pancreatic cancers, enhancing t
Plozalizumab: Unveiling the Role of Anti-CD47 in Cancer Research(Post)Quick Info Section: Key Facts About PlozalizumabWhat is Plozalizumab?Plozalizumab is an investigational monoclonal antibody that targets CD47, a key immune checkpoint in cancer cells. By
Farletuzumab: Advancing Antibody-Drug Conjugate Research in Ovarian Cancer(Post)Quick Facts About FarletuzumabWhat is Farletuzumab?Farletuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting folate receptor alpha (FRα), a protein overexpressed in ovarian and other epi
Microtubule and Mitosis review(Post)Introduction Microtubules are key components of the cytoskeleton and are composed of alpha and beta tubulin. These dimerise in a head to tail fashion to form 13 linear protofilaments.
No Cytokine on This Pathway Touches Bone(Post)Not one immune cytokine on this pathway touches bone. TNF, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17A all act on osteoblasts, osteocytes and synovial fibroblasts, and it is those stromal cells that decide between RANKL
Adaptive immune system molecules(Page) Ifabotuzumab: Exploring the Role of Anti-EphA3 in Cancer Research(Post)What You Need to Know About IfabotuzumabWhat is Ifabotuzumab?Ifabotuzumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting EphA3, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in certain cancers. It plays
IgE and Mast Cells: The Cell Is Armed in Advance(Post)The mast cell is loaded long before the allergen arrives. IgE bound to FcεRIα is not waiting to be recruited the way an antibody waits for antigen in a serum assay — it is already installed on the ce