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3D Cell Culture: Assay Guide(Post)
References Key Points Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures are artificially-created environments in which cells are permitted to grow or interact with their surroundings in a 3D fa
Bone Resorption: Process, Markers & Clinical Significance(Post)Unravel the complexities of bone resorption, a crucial biological process essential for skeletal health and calcium regulation, through the intricate roles of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Ke
Beyond Burnout: How T Cell Exhaustion Hijacks Cancer Immunity and What We Can Do About It(Post)Imagine a highly trained soldier, elite and effective, sent to the front lines of a relentless war. Day after day, they fight without rest, their supplies dwindle, and the enemy never stops coming. Ev
T Cell Types, Activation, Polarization & Function(Post)T Cell Types, Activation, Polarization & Function A comprehensive guide to T cells! Introduction T-cells, vital components of the immune system, encompass vari
CRISPR-Cas Screening for Cell Viability(Post)Key Points Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) is a method of gene editing that uses t
Granulocytes: Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils & Mast Cells(Post)Immunology · Myeloid CellsGranulocytes: Neutrophils, Eosinophils and BasophilsGranulocytes are the leukocytes with cytoplasmic granules and lobed nuclei — neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils. They
Galectin Therapeutics(Post)Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, irreversible and ultimately fatal disease characterized by prog
NLRP3 Inflammasome & Cytokine Secretion(Post)Nod-like receptors Nod like receptors (NLRs) are a versatile family of relatively recently discovered intracellular receptors which have a br
IL-10 signalling and regulation(Post)Explore the complexities of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) signaling and regulation, a crucial aspect in immune response modulation and its dual roles in cancer development and therapy. Key Takeaways:
Serum vs Plasma: Key Differences & When to Use Each [Guide](Post)Sample Preparation · ImmunoassaySerum vs Plasma: Key Differences and When to Use EachSerum and plasma come from the same blood draw but are not interchangeable. One is collected after clotting, the ot
CD8+ T Cells: Understanding the Role of Cytotoxic T Cells in Immunity(Post)Immunology · T LymphocytesCD8+ T Cells: Cytotoxic Mechanisms, Memory and ExhaustionCD8+ T cells kill infected and transformed cells directly, and they do it with a specificity nothing else in the immu
Understanding the Autophagy Pathway: A Critical Process in Cellular Maintenance(Post)Cell Biology · Protein DegradationThe Autophagy Pathway: Mechanism, Regulation and How to Measure ItAutophagy is the cell’s route for degrading and recycling its own contents — damaged organelles, agg
BDNF in inflammation and neuropathologies(Post)BDNF Overview Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a central mediator of neuroplasticity, a term used to describe the ability of neurons
A Guide To Tau Proteins & Tauopathies(Post)Neuroscience · BiomarkersA Guide to Tau Proteins & TauopathiesTau keeps the neuronal cytoskeleton standing up. When its phosphorylation goes wrong, the same protein becomes the aggregate that defines
Phosphorylation: Types, ATP Synthesis & Cell Signalling [Guide](Post)Biochemistry · Cell SignallingPhosphorylation: Types, ATP Synthesis and Cell SignallingAdding a phosphate group is how cells both store energy and switch proteins on and off. The same chemistry underl
TLX as a Novel Therapeutic Target(Post)Danka Kozareva PhD Candidate, University College Cork The generation of neurons from stem cells The process of generating
The role of IL-18 in health and disease(Post)Exploring IL-18: A key cytokine in inflammation and disease. Key Takeaways: IL-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a pivotal role in immune responses, particularly in inducing Type II
chemokine receptors and ligands(Post)Chemokines are highly conserved cytokines that control the movement of cells around the body. All 45 members of the chemokine family can be divided into 4 subfamilies depending on th
The Lenti Viral Vector System: A New Way to Deliver Genetic Therapies(Post)Gene Delivery · Viral VectorsLentiviral Vectors: Design, Production and Use in Gene DeliveryLentiviral vectors integrate their cargo into the host genome and transduce dividing and non-dividing cells
Mouse Injection Guide: Intraperitoneal, Subcutaneous, Intramuscular & Intravenous Routes(Post)In Vivo Methods · ProtocolsMouse Injection Guide: Intraperitoneal, Subcutaneous, Intramuscular & Intravenous RoutesRoute choice and injection technique determine how much of a dose actually reaches it