10709 results for 'clear 1'

Cancer cells are adept at avoiding destruction by the immune system, often exploiting specific pathways to escape detection and elimination. One of these key mechanisms involves the SIRP ...

Understanding PD-1 Blockade in B-Cell Lymphomas Understanding PD-1 Blockade in B-Cell Lymphomas Introduction The programmed cell death prot ...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a critical hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism and has garnered significant attention due to its therapeutic potential in managing diabetes ...

Mononuclear phagocytes, essential in immunity and homeostasis, perform diverse roles from phagocytosis to tissue repair, influencing health and disease. Key Takeaways: Mononuclear ...

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The initial identification of PD-1 as a potential target for cancer treatment occurred in the late 1990s and early 2000s through studies exploring the regulation of T-cell responses ...

The CD28 molecule plays a crucial role in amplifying T cell activation, which is critical for mounting effective immune responses against tumors. By engaging with co-stimulatory molecule ...

Ahmad Gazali PhD candidate, University of Eastern Finland Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease where the pancreatic β cells that produce insulin, a key hormone involve ...

Imagine a highly trained soldier, elite and effective, sent to the front lines of a relentless war. Day after day, they fight without rest, their supplies dwindle, and the enemy never stops coming. E ...

Quick Facts About VolagidemabWhat is Volagidemab?Volagidemab is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor antagonist designed to regulate glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis.How ...

Introduction to KIR Blockade in Cancer ImmunotherapyNatural killer (NK) cells are crucial components of the innate immune system, responsible for recognizing and destroying virally infe ...

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for various malignancies. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies is the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, par ...

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized oncology, offering powerful new ways to treat various malignancies by harnessing the body's own immune system. Central to this success are immune checkpoint in ...

The Interleukin-1 (IL-1) family represents a crucial group of signaling molecules that play a pivotal role in regulating the immune system and inflammatory responses. Comprising 11 members, in ...

Introduction to PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 in Cancer ImmunotherapyThe PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway has been instrumental in cancer immunotherapy, with PD-1 (programmed death-1) inhib ...

By Dr. Lisa Dwane, Postdoctoral Researcher, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland The first link between estrogen and breast cancer was made in the ...

Mononuclear cells, as the name suggests, refer to a group of white blood cells characterized by the presence of a single nucleus. Understanding the nature, function, and significanc ...

Ovarian cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. Ovarian cancer is when the normal cells in the ovary change and grow to form a tumour. Because the ovaries are located deep ...

SciencePicture.Co— Scientific & Medical Illustration About SciencePicture.Co is a science and med ...

Quick Facts About GirentuximabWhat is Girentuximab?Girentuximab is a monoclonal antibody targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), predominantly expressed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ce ...

Monocytes, as part of the innate immune system, act as the first line of defense against foreign invaders. One of their primary functions is phagocytosis, a crucial process in which they engul ...

Microglia Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Glial ...

CD8+ T cells, also known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), are a critical component of the immune system. They play a vital role in defending the body against viral infections, intracel ...

Hybridoma cells are essential tools for producing monoclonal antibodies and are derived by fusing B lymphocytes (antibody-producing cells) with myeloma cells (cancer cells) to achieve bo ...

One of the greatest challenges in cancer therapy is how tumors evade immune detection. Among the mechanisms cancer cells exploit, the CD47 pathway has emerged as a major player in helpin ...

COVID-19 Antibody Testing Antibody Production in COVID-19 COVID-19, the novel coronavirus disease ...

The Assay Genie 3D Organoid Cell Viability Assay (AKES081) provided superior results compared to ThermoScientific PrestoBlue, maintaining over 100% viability at all time points in untre ...

Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer, originating in the lining of the proximal renal tubules. RCC accounts for approximately 90% of all kidney cancers and ...

Blood plasma and serum are essential components of blood and have distinct molecular compositions and uses in the medical and research fields. This article aims to elucidate the differences betwe ...

The Double-Edged Sword: How Neutrophil Traps Can Both Help and Hinder Cancer's Spread In the intricate battlefield of the human body, the immune system’s foot soldiers, neutrophils, have long been r ...

Quick Facts About GalegenimabWhat is Galegenimab?Galegenimab is an anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody designed to block the "don't eat me" signal, enhancing the immune system's ability to el ...

Workplace Testing for COVID-19 Corporate Testing for COVID-19 The impact of COVID-19 on the econo ...

MORV0013 functioned effectively in both qPCR machines and water baths, with or without paraffin oil, maintaining consistent sensitivity and specificity. MORV0013 performed reliably betw ...

Key Takeaways: Microglia are immune cells in the CNS, originating from myeloid precursor cells. They surveil the CNS, respond to changes, and maintain neural health. Microglia exist in dif ...

by Ryan Wallis, PhD Aging and Disease Imagine a world where everything you do is missing just a little piece and as time goes on you start to lose sense entirely. This is the dev ...

You are only part human. In some ways, you are as much bacteria as you are mammal, and in some ways bacteria make up far more of you than your own familiar cells and genes! It is becoming ...

Stress and anxiety are a normal part of our daily lives and impact everything we do from our relationships with loved ones to our performance in the laboratory. Like any scientist, I experienced ...

Cellular Respiration: Stages, ATP Yield & Pathway Guide | Assay Genie { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "headline": "Cellular Respiration: St ...

Microglial Functions Explained: Immunity, Inflammation & NeurodegenerationKey TakewaysMicroglia are immune cells in the CNS, originating from myeloid precursor cells.They surveil th ...

Millions of people are afflicted with cancer each year. 2016 statistics for the USA alone show over half a million deaths attributed to cancer 1. We have come a long way from our early unders ...

By Shane Houston, PhD Candidate Queen’s University Belfast Cancer is an age old adversary of the human race. This out-of-control growth of abnormal cells has been a shadow over human health ...

Quick Facts About TinurilimabWhat is Tinurilimab?Tinurilimab is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD47, a protein that cancer cells use to evade immune system attack. By blocking CD47, Ti ...

By Zoe Angel, PhD Student, Ulster University Prostate cancer is now the commonest cancer in men and it is the fifth leading cause of death (1). Researc ...

Hantavirus, a silent threat lurking in rodent populations, has long posed a significant public health challenge with its severe and often fatal outcomes. For decades, the quest for effective vaccine ...

By Charlotte O’Donnell PhD Cancer Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process that develops through epigenetic changes an ...

Written by Seán Mac Fhearraigh, PhD  •  Updated: 19 May 2026  •  ~10 min read Quick Answer A sandwich ELISA uses two antib ...

In 2006, upon completion of the Human Genome Project, it was discovered that nearly 8% of the human genome is made up of viral DNA. These viral remnants are composed of ancient germ ...

Quick Facts About LirilumabWhat is Lirilumab?Lirilumab is an anti-KIR monoclonal antibody designed to enhance natural killer (NK) cell activity by blocking killer-cell immunoglobulin-li ...

In the intricate dance between the immune system and cancer, tumors often deploy cunning strategies to evade destruction. A groundbreaking 2025 study in Nature has unveiled a startling new tactic: ca ...

Sweet Deception: How a New Antibody Therapy Unmasks Pancreatic Cancer Sweet Deception: How a New Antibody Therapy Unmasks Pancreatic Cancer Pancreatic can ...

Background I am a 3rd year PhD student in Trinity College Dublin and my project is very much an interdisciplinary one. I’m very lucky to get to work between two great labs, Dr. Aisling Dun ...

Introduction to CD122 in Immunotherapy CD122, also known as the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain (IL-2Rβ), is a critical component of the immune system's response to pathogens and ...

By Juan Quintana, PhD student, University of Edinbrugh What are Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)? The World Health Orga ...

SARS-CoV-2, the causative viral agent of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19, has sparked a global effort for creating prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. The following ...

I have been in the situation that I’m sure many of us have. I work on genes, which if you name to any right-minded individual, sound like a random string of nonsensical gibberish. So, mayb ...

Quick Facts About BococizumabWhat is Bococizumab?Bococizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets PCSK9, a protein involved in cholesterol regulation.How Does Bococizumab Work?It inhib ...

What is Immunometabolism? Immunometabolism is an exponentially growing, multi-disciplinary field of research aiming at deciphering the dynamic cellular and mol ...

The Brain's Sentinels: How Microglia Shape Neuroinflammation in Disease In the intricate landscape of the human brain, a silent, ever-watchful guardian stands ready to defend against injury and inva ...

Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Double Agents in the Cancer Battlefield In the intricate theater of the human body, the immune system acts as a vigilant guardian, dispatching cellular soldiers to seek ...

SARS-CoV-2 Background COVID-19 is characterised by a series of biological markers. In some instances, these biomarkers can be used as potent ...

The Complement System Function Gone are the days when the complement system was considered solely a companion of its impressive adaptive immune system count ...

What is a Macrophage? Macrophages are indeed a type of phagocyte, responsible for engulfing and destroying foreign particles and cellular debris. They are larger cells with more cytoplasm a ...

Imagine a microscopic sniper, capable of delivering a lethal blow to a single cancer cell while leaving its healthy neighbors virtually untouched. This is the promise of targeted alpha therapy, a re ...

Introduction to TREM2 and Tumor-Associated Macrophages in CancerTREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) is an immunoregulatory receptor primarily expressed on macrophage ...

By Anusha Senevirante, Post-Doctoral researcher, Imperial College London With non-communicable diseases (or NCDs, which include heart disease, diabetes, c ...

by Ryan Wallis, PhD student, QMUL, Blizard Institute The microscopic world of cell biology was first explored by Robert Hooke in the 17th century and published in his work, Microgr ...

Why do powerful cancer immunotherapies work wonders for some patients but fail for others? The answer may lie not just in the cancer cells themselves, but in the energy levels of our own immune warri ...

Adhesion Molecules Direct cell-cell interactions are maintained and regulated by cell adhesion molecules. The expression of adhesion molecule ...

Extracellular Vesicles ...

Writing a Thesis Statement Writing a thesis statement can be a frustrating task, whether you're working on your undergraduate, master's, or PhD degree. Unfortunatel ...

Quick Facts About IcrucumabWhat is Icrucumab?Icrucumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) to inhibit tumor angiogenesis.How Do ...

SARS-CoV-2 qPCR assay from Assay Genie Assay Genie have just launched a qPCR assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 One-Step RT-qPCR Kit for Cor ...

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a protein that stimulates cell growth and differentiation by binding to its receptor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which triggers ligand-induced ...

Fenofibrate, also known as FEN, is a drug that is used to lower cholesterol levels. It works by blocking the absorption of dietary cholesterol in the small intestine and therefore, re ...

What is Cell Synchronisation? Cell synchronisation is a process by which cells at different stages of the cell cycle in a culture are brought to the same phase. Cell synchronisation is ...

By Sinead Kinsella PhD The Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) The Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is a regulatory machinery for protein turnover in ...

The advent of immune checkpoint targeting marks a significant milestone in the oncological field, offering a beacon of hope for patients battling cancer. This innovative approach leverages the bo ...

Quick Facts About PraluzatamabWhat is Praluzatamab?Praluzatamab is an experimental monoclonal antibody that targets CD47, a “don’t eat me” signal used by cancer cells to evade immune de ...

Imagine an elite squad of soldiers sent to neutralize a hidden fortress, only to find themselves wandering aimlessly in a thick, disorienting fog just outside the gates. This is the current reality ...

Overview of Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major epidemic that affects over 347 million people worldwide (Danaei et al. 2011). The World He ...

Imagine a battlefield where the enemy doesn't just hide from soldiers—it actively sabotages their weapons. In the tumor microenvironment, cancer cells have evolved a devious strategy: they transfer t ...

Quick Facts About Ladiratuzumab VedotinWhat is Ladiratuzumab Vedotin?Ladiratuzumab Vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) designed to target LIV-1, a protein commonly expressed in ...

ILC2 - Function, Cytokines, and Role in Health and Disease A quick guide to IL2C ...

1-Step TUNEL Kits Unique 1-Step Non-Toxic Dewaxing Step for Late Stage Apoptosis Detection Explore TUNEL Assays ...

What is Subcellular Fractionation? Subcellular fractionation is the process of iIsolating nuclear, cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions of high purity from tissues. Subcellular fracti ...

Co-immunoprecipitation Protocol A detailed guide of how Co-IP works, a step by step Co-IP protocol and some hints & tips for your Co-IP workflow! Introductio ...

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Animal DIY ELISA Kits Maximise your research budget! Animal DIY (Do-It-Yourself) ELISA kits are sets of reagents to develop your very own san ...

Create your own custom multiplex assay with over 400 analytes to choose from! At Assay Genie we can develop custom assays to meet your research needs within 10 days! To find out more infor ...

Multiplex Assays "It’s like doing 24 different ELISA in every well!" GeniePlex Multiplex Assays allow researchers to quantify up to 24 analytes in as little as 15μL of sample ...

    Chemokines   Key Research Areas       C Chemokine Ligands XCL1/Lymphot ...

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The ELISA Genie, Mouse inflammation multiplex assays utilizes multiple bead populations differentiated by size and different levels of fluorescence intensity. With multiple sizes of bea ...

PharmaGenie ELISA Validated According to ISO Quality Systems Highly validated ELISA designed to exceed the needs of biopharma R&D s ...

Co-stimulatory and Co-inhibitory Molecules in Adaptive Immunity The adaptive immune system is in part regulated by a vast array of co-stim ...

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