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    SOCS proteins: Manipulating the immune response(Post)

    Katherine Edwards, PhD Student, Queen’s University Belfast Cytokines play a vital role in immune responses enabling cross-talk between different cell types ...

    Types of PCR – 7 Methods, Principles & Applications(Post)

    PCR stands as a cornerstone in molecular biology, enabling scientists to magnify and analyze fragments of DNA with incredible precision. In this blog, we'll embark on understanding of PCR – fro ...

    TREM2: Exploring Its Role in Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Cancer Immunotherapy(Post)

    Introduction to TREM2 and Tumor-Associated Macrophages in CancerTREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) is an immunoregulatory receptor primarily expressed on macrophage ...

    Unraveling the Complexities of Antibodies: Light Chains, Heavy Chains, Constant Regions, and Tumor-Associated Antigens(Post)

    Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, play a pivotal role in the immune system's ability to recognize and neutralize pathogens. This comprehensive article delves into the structural and func ...

    EGF Family (Post)

    Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a protein that stimulates cell growth and differentiation by binding to its receptor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which triggers ligand-induced ...

    Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Double Agents in the Cancer Battlefield(Post)

    Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Double Agents in the Cancer Battlefield In the intricate theater of the human body, the immune system acts as a vigilant guardian, dispatching cellular soldiers to seek ...

    CD52 Expression(Post)

    What is CD52? Cluster Of Differentiation 52 (CD52) is a highly expressed membrane glycoprotein which is present on the surface of immune cel ...

    Anti-CTLA-4 Immunotherapy(Post)

    CD Markers Cluster of Differentiation (CD) markers play an important role in the differentiation of B cells, T cells and NK (natural killer) c ...

    ST2 and IL33(Post)

    ST2, a member of the IL-1R Subfamily ST2 is a member of the IL-1R subfamily and was identified in 1989 [1]. The ST2 gene is located on chromos ...

    Preeclampsia & immune cell regulation | Assay Genie(Post)

    What is preeclampsia? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one in ten pregnant women is affected by hypertensive disorders, and preeclampsia ...

    Liposomal nanosilver encapsulation for cytotoxic assays(Post)

    Nanosilver is the most commercialised nanoparticle routinely used for its antibacterial purposes in food preservation, cosmetic and health products such as medical devices and wound treatme ...

    Adhesion molecules in atherosclerosis – ICAM1(Post)

    Adhesion Molecules Direct cell-cell interactions are maintained and regulated by cell adhesion molecules. The expression of adhesion molecule ...

    Types of Glial Cells(Post)

    Microglia Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Glial ...

    Multiple Sclerosis and Stem Cells(Post)

    By Sonika Singh PhD candidate, University of Nottingham A Devastating Disease Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory disease ba ...

    CD31: A Comprehensive Look at an Essential Biomarker(Post)

    What is CD31? CD31, also known as PECAM-1, was originally described as a cell surface antigen present on platelets and megakaryocytes. CD31 is ...

    What is CAR T-cell therapy?(Post)

    CAR T-cell therapy CAR (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) T-cell Therapy is a type of cancer treatment. CAR T-cells are made in the laboratory and they have an artificially created receptor on th ...

    What are the stages of Parkinson's disease?(Post)

    What is Parkinson’s disease? Parkinson's disease can be seen as a neurodegenerative disease because it is associated with the loss of nerve ce ...

    Immuno-Biomaterial Development | Assay Genie(Post)

    Background I am a 3rd year PhD student in Trinity College Dublin and my project is very much an interdisciplinary one. I’m very lucky to get to work between two great labs, Dr. Aisling Dun ...

    Colorectal Cancer Review (CRC) - Assay Genie(Post)

    By Charlotte O’Donnell PhD Cancer Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process that develops through epigenetic changes an ...

    Immuno Oncology: If cancer was a pathogen, would a vaccine be able to destroy it?(Post)

    Thanks to the great intuitions of brilliant scientists like Louis Pasteur, Edward Jenner, Robert Koch, Emil von Behring, Gaston Leon Ramon, Albert Sabin, Jonas Salk in the past century, the ...

    Filarial Infections - Tropical Diseases | Assay Genie(Post)

    By Juan Quintana, PhD student, University of Edinbrugh What are Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)? The World Health Orga ...

    How we can target the underlying immune processes in pathological inflammation in obesity, cancer and liver disease.(Post)

    Dr. Melissa Conroy, TTMI I am an immunologist and senior research fellow in the Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery at Trinit ...

    Inflammation and the aging process(Post)

    by Ryan Wallis, PhD Aging and Disease Imagine a world where everything you do is missing just a little piece and as time goes on you start to lose sense entirely. This is the dev ...

    Angiotensin Pathways: Unlocking the Secrets to Blood Pressure Regulation and Beyond(Post)

    The angiotensin pathway is a pivotal hormonal system that plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance within the body. This complex biochemical ...

    Diabetic Nephropathy & Diabetic Mellitus(Post)

    Overview of Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major epidemic that affects over 347 million people worldwide (Danaei et al. 2011). The World He ...

    Cortisol and the Immune Response(Post)

    What is Cortisol? Cortisol is a steroid hormone, classified as a member of the glucocorticoid family of hormones. Cortisol is involved in a plethora of physiological processes in order ...

    Data Science for Immunologists | Assay Genie(Post)

    By Dr. Niclas Thomas “Data science” is a recent addition to the vocabulary of analytics, and can mean many different things to different people. As f ...

    Coeliac Disease Signaling – Review | Assay Genie(Post)

    By Ciara Coleman PhD General Introduction Coeliac Disease (CD) is defined as a common, chronic inflammatory di ...

    The Role of Claudins in Cancer (Post)

    Introduction Claudins are a family of proteins that play a critical role in the formation of ...

    Christmas Lab Party Competition | Assay Genie(Post)

    We know it gets tiring being in the lab every day, especially with the evenings getting darker and gloomier. So, to get you in the festive spirit, we're holding a competition to win money to t ...

    Apoptosis Caspase Pathways: A Closer Look at Cellular Suicide(Post)

    Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a fundamental process that plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of healthy tissues. Central to this process are caspases, a family of c ...

    Galectin Therapeutics(Post)

    Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, irreversible and ultimately fatal disease characterized by pro ...

    Wnt Signalling Pathway in Immunity(Post)

    What is Wnt Signalling? The Wnt signalling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that plays critical roles in the regulation of determining cell ...

    Physiological and Pathological functions of IL-36(Post)

    By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD Similar to IL-33, IL-36R ligands are involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Analogous to IL-33, d is local ...

    Flow Cytometry Gating: A Comprehensive Guide(Post)

    Flow cytometry gating is a critical step for isolating and analyzing specific cell populations based on size, granularity, and fluorescence. Proper gating strategies enhance data accurac ...

    HERV-K group of endogenous retroviruses and cancer(Post)

    In 2006, upon completion of the Human Genome Project, it was discovered that nearly 8% of the human genome is made up of viral DNA. These viral remnants are composed of ancient germ ...

    p38 MAPK Signaling Review(Post)

    The p38 MAPK signaling pathway is an intracellular signaling pathway that plays a crucial role in cellular responses to various stressors and inflammatory stimuli. It is a part of the larger MAPK ...

    Heterogeneity of Type 1 diabetes in children(Post)

    Ahmad Gazali PhD candidate, University of Eastern Finland Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease where the pancreatic β cells that produce insulin, a key hormone involve ...

    microbiota & immune system signaling | Assay Genie(Post)

    You are only part human. In some ways, you are as much bacteria as you are mammal, and in some ways bacteria make up far more of you than your own familiar cells and genes! It is becoming ...

    Growth Factors: Key Players in Biological Processes(Post)

    Growth factors play a vital role in the complex web of biological processes, serving as key regulators in various essential events. They exert significant influence over cruc ...

    Biological Role of GLP-1(Post)

    Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a critical hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism and has garnered significant attention due to its therapeutic potential in managing diabetes ...

    Renal Cell Carcinoma: Understanding, Diagnosing, and Treating Kidney Cancer(Post)

    Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer, originating in the lining of the proximal renal tubules. RCC accounts for approximately 90% of all kidney cancers and ...

    Understanding T Cell Fatigue: Implications for Immune Function and Therapeutic Interventions(Post)

    T cells are central players in adaptive immunity, responsible for recognizing and eliminating infected or aberrant cells. Upon encountering antigens, T cells undergo clonal expansion and diffe ...

    Transformation Protocol – Sample Transformation Protocols(Post)

    Introduction Transformation of bacteria with plasmids is not only of note for bacterial studies but also can be used for gene expression studies in mammalian cells. Most plasmids are of bac ...

    The role of key Interleukins(Post)

    Interleukin signaling is involved in a number of biological processes, including cell growth and differentiation, inflammation and immunity. Interleukins are glycoproteins which act on hem ...

    Pancreatic Cancer and its Poor Prognosis(Post)

    Myrna Hurtado, PhD Student, University of North Texas Health Science Center Advancements in modern medicine have resulted in significantly prolonging and ...

    Unraveling the Mysteries of Platelet-Activating GPCR Signaling(Post)

    Platelet activation plays a pivotal role in hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding and initiates wound healing. Central to this process is the activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR ...

    TLX as a Novel Therapeutic Target(Post)

    Danka Kozareva PhD Candidate, University College Cork The generation of neurons from stem cells The process of generating ...

    OX40 Agonists: Revitalizing the Immune Response in Cancer(Post)

    Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment options, offering strategies to harness the immune system to target and destroy tumors. One emerging area of interest is the use of OX40 ...

    Understanding Blotchy Western Blots: Causes and Remedies(Post)

    Western blotting is a powerful and widely used technique in molecular biology, essential for detecting and quantifying specific proteins in complex biological samples. However, despite its pop ...

    Exosomes - Discovery, Cargo, Biogenesis & Functions(Post)

    by Ryan Wallis, PhD student, QMUL, Blizard Institute The microscopic world of cell biology was first explored by Robert Hooke in the 17th century and published in his work, Microgr ...

    Understanding Antibody Staining for Antigen Detection in Flow Cytometry(Post)

    Flow cytometry stands as a pivotal technique in the realms of molecular biology and immunology, enabling the analysis of physical and chemical characteristics of cells or particles as they flow i ...

    Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP) – Review(Post)

    Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP) were first discovered in the 1960s by Dr.Marshall Urist, an orthopaedic surgeon at UCLA (Urist 1965). BMPs are classically associated with their roles in limb ...

    Tumour Inflammation & Signaling | Assay Genie(Post)

    By Charlotte O’Donnell PhD Inflammation and Cancer The link between inflammation and cancer is well established, with inf ...

    Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways: A Key to Innate Immunity(Post)

    In the intricate landscape of the immune system, toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a fundamental role in the first line of defense against pathogens. These receptors, essential components of the in ...

    Auto-inflammatory diseases and genetics (SAIDs)(Post)

    Shelly Pathak PhD candidate, University of Leeds SAIDs Systemic Auto-inflammatory diseases (SAIDs) have been defined as a group of mainly inherited disorde ...

    Platinum based cancer drugs and next generation therapeutics(Post)

    Platinum based cancer drugs Despite nearly 50% of all anti-cancer treatments being platinum-based, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics ...

    Innate Immune Systemc Explained: Step-by-Step Process & Key Concepts(Post)

    The innate immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens, providing a rapid response to infections. This system comprises various cell types, each with specialized roles in detecti ...

    Chemokines versus Cytokines: A Detailed Comparative Study(Post)

    The complex interplay between chemokines and cytokines is fundamental to the immune system's function, orchestrating the body's response to infection, inflammation, and injury. This detailed anal ...

    Microcalcifications in breast cancer: Novel insights into the molecular mechanism and functional consequences(Post)

    Shane O’Grady, PhD student, RCSI Cancer is a disease that will, unfortunately, touch all of our lives at some point, directly or indirectly. Despite decades ...

    The common characteristics of cancer | Assay Genie(Post)

    By Shane Houston, PhD Candidate Queen’s University Belfast Cancer is an age old adversary of the human race. This out-of-control growth of abnormal cells has been a shadow over human health ...

    chemokine receptors and ligands(Post)

    Chemokines are highly conserved cytokines that control the movement of cells around the body. All 45 members of the chemokine family can be divided into 4 subfamilies depending on t ...

    Toll-like Receptor Signalling in Neurodegenerative Disease(Post)

    Toll-Like Receptors The innate immune response has come under the spotlight in recent years due to its central role in propagating the pathoge ...

    Dendritic Cells: Tracing the Developmental Lineage Pathway(Post)

    Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal in the immune system, orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding their developmental lineage pathway is crucial in immunology, particularl ...

    Optimizing Organoid Culture Conditions: Paving the Way for Revolutionary Advances in Biomedical Research(Post)

    In the dynamic landscape of biomedical research, organoids have emerged as a groundbreaking tool, offering three-dimensional (3D) models that mimic the complex architecture and functionality of h ...

    BDNF in inflammation and neuropathologies(Post)

    BDNF Overview Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a central mediator of neuroplasticity, a term used to describe the ability of neuron ...

    VEGF: Inflammation and Tumourigenesis(Post)

    What is VEGF? Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGFs) are a group of homodimeric polypeptides, and are master regulators of vascular development, maintenance and ...

    Antibody Seroconversion Response in COVID-19(Post)

    Seroconversion Implications in SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic Testing Key Points: COVID-19, the pandemi ...

    Interferons(Post)

    Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signalling proteins that are produced and released from cells in response to viral infection and other stimuli such as normal and tumour cell survival and ...

    Reprogramming Regulatory T Cells: A Breakthrough in Cancer Immunotherapy(Post)

    A New Dawn in Cancer Treatment: Reprogramming the Immune System's Own Soldiers For decades, the fight against cancer has been a relentless battle of attrition, with treatments like chemotherapy and ...

    Hydroxychloroquine: Potential Treatment for COVID-19(Post)

    Hydroxychloroquine: Potential Treatment for COVID-19 What is Hydroxychloroquine? Hydroxychloroquine (HC ...

    Adaptive immune system molecules(Page)

    Co-stimulatory and Co-inhibitory Molecules in Adaptive Immunity The adaptive immune system is in part regulated by a vast array of co-stim ...

    T4 DNA Ligase(Page)

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    Adipocytokines(Page)

    Adipocytokines or adipokines are bioactive molecules that are produced by adipose tissue. They comprise cytokines, chemokines coagulation factors and factors involved ...

    DNA Ligation(Page)

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    Annexin V Assays(Page)

    Annexin V Assays Rapid, Sensitive and High-Annexin V Assays Browse All window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ELEMENTS = window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_ ...

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    Mouse Multiplex Inflammation ELISA Panels(Page)

    The ELISA Genie, Mouse inflammation multiplex assays utilizes multiple bead populations differentiated by size and different levels of fluorescence intensity. With multiple sizes of bea ...

    Apoptosis Assays(Page)

    Assay Genie has developed an extensive suite of assays to measure various forms of cell death. We provide highly sensitive & reprod ...

    Human Multiplex Inflammation ELISA Panels(Page)

    The ELISA Genie, Human Inflammation multiplex assays utilizes multiple bead populations differentiated by size and different levels of fluorescence intensity. With multiple sizes of bea ...

    ELISA Sampler Packs(Page)

    ELISA Sampler Packs Based on thousands of citations and years of scientific endeavour, Assay Genie has developed ELISA Sampler Packs. An ELISA Sampler Pack is a ...

    COVID-19 Cytokine Storm Multiplex Assays(Page)

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    Multiplex Custom Panels(Page)

    Create your own custom multiplex assay with over 400 analytes to choose from! At Assay Genie we can develop custom assays to meet your research needs within 10 days! To find out more infor ...

    Mouse Multiplex ELISA Panels(Page)

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    Multiplex Assays(Page)

    Multiplex Assays "It’s like doing 24 different ELISA in every well!" GeniePlex Multiplex Assays allow researchers to quantify up to 24 analytes in as little as 15μL of sample ...

    Multiplex ELISA Protocol(Page)

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    Arrays (Page)

    Antibody Arrays Detect 7-274 proteins in 10 species! Perfect for biomarker discovery and validation studies! Browse by Research Area ...

    Mycoplasma Testing - Detection & Elimination(Page)

    Mycoplasma Testing Mycoplasma Detection & Elimination Kits Visually detect Mycoplasma by eye in 1 hour! View Validation h1.page-heading{ display: ...

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    Mycoplasma Troubleshooting Tips & FAQ(Page)

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    Non-Human Primate Multiplex ELISA Panels(Page)

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    Antibodies(Page)

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    Biosimilar Antibodies(Page)

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    Molecular Biology(Page)

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