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TIM-3/Gal-9 Pathway in Antiparasitic Immunity(Post)
Exploring the Role of TIM-3/Gal-9 in Antiparasitic ImmunityIntroductionThe immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that work together to defend the body against pathogens, including ...
Innate Immunity: Components, Functions & First Line of Defence(Post)Welcome to an exploration of the evolutionary trajectory and significance of the innate immune system - the body's first line of defense against invading pathogens. In this scientific jou ...
Apoptosis Unveiled: Your Complete Guide to Intrinsic & Extrinsic Pathways(Post)Apoptosis Unveiled: Your Complete Guide to Intrinsic & Extrinsic PathwaysAt Assay Genie we have created a comprehensive guide outlining everything you need to know about apoptosis!K ...
Oligodendrocytes: Complete Guide + Functions & Development(Post)Oligodendrocytes are pivotal CNS cells, integral for myelin formation and nerve function, with implications in various neurological disorders. Key Takeaways Oligodendrocytes are speci ...
IL-9 Signaling and Its Impact on Immune Cell Regulation(Post)Interleukin-9 (IL-9) plays a critical role in the immune system, influencing a variety of biological functions across different immune cell types. This article provides an in-depth look at the si ...
In Vitro vs In Vivo: Complete Comparison + Selection Guide | Research Methods(Post)Discover the distinct roles of 'In Vivo' and 'In Vitro' in biological research, where one offers a natural context and the other precise control, both vital for scientific advancement.
Complete T Helper Cell Guide: Th1, Th2, Th17 & Functions(Post)window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_V2_ELEMENTS = window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_V2_ELEMENTS || new Array(); window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_V2_ELEMENTS.push({ uuid: 's-19118a5d-7dea-4fc9-8267-6237960845ca' }) The T ...
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways: Unraveling Lineage-Specific Markers(Post)The intricate process of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation is a cornerstone of developmental biology and regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells, renowned for their self-renewal c ...
Dendritic Cells: Tracing the Developmental Lineage Pathway(Post)Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal in the immune system, orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding their developmental lineage pathway is crucial in immunology, particularl ...
Exosomes - Discovery, Cargo, Biogenesis & Functions(Post)by Ryan Wallis, PhD student, QMUL, Blizard Institute The microscopic world of cell biology was first explored by Robert Hooke in the 17th century and published in his work, Microgr ...
Bococizumab: Mechanism, Clinical Applications, and Biosimilars in Research(Post)Quick Facts About BococizumabWhat is Bococizumab?Bococizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets PCSK9, a protein involved in cholesterol regulation.How Does Bococizumab Work?It inhib ...
Embryonic Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation: Pathways and Lineage-Specific Markers(Post)Embryonic induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold immense potential in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability to differentiate into various cell types. Understanding the diff ...
How Furin and ACE2 Interact with the Spike on SARS-CoV-2(Post)What is the Coronavirus Spike Protein? COVID-19, the newest coronavirus to gain international attention, is caused by severe acute respirato ...
Neural Stem Cell Differentiation: Pathways and Lineage-Specific Markers(Post)Understanding the differentiation pathways of neural stem cells (NSCs) and the identification of lineage-specific markers is a cornerstone in the field of neurobiology and regenerative medicine.
Targeted Protein Degradation: The Next Frontier in Oncology Drug Discovery(Post)For decades, cancer drug development has focused on blocking proteins—inhibiting enzymes, antagonizing receptors, disrupting signaling pathways. Yet this approach leaves a vast landscape of disease- ...
Enhancing Cell Counting Accuracy with a Haemocytometer: A Comprehensive Guide(Post)Cell counting is an important part of many different scientific experiments, enabling researchers to gather crucial data about cell populations and their characteristics. In this step-by-s ...
Myeloid Lineage: Pioneers of Immune Cell Production(Post)Delve into the myeloid lineage, a cornerstone of the immune system and blood cell production, understanding its vital roles and implications in health and disease. Key Takeaways: Myelo ...
Breakthrough Discovery: Epstein-Barr Virus Identified as Primary Trigger for Lupus(Post)Breakthrough Discovery: Epstein-Barr Virus Identified as Primary Trigger for Lupus A groundbreaking study published in November 2025 has provided the most definitive evidence to date that the common ...
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) – Review(Post)Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative haematopoietic malignancy, characterised by a karyotypic abnormality present in more than 95% of cases known as the Philadelp ...
Microcalcifications in breast cancer: Novel insights into the molecular mechanism and functional consequences(Post)Shane O’Grady, PhD student, RCSI Cancer is a disease that will, unfortunately, touch all of our lives at some point, directly or indirectly. Despite decades ...
Neutrophils - Cells of the Immune System(Post)The immune system is the body’s main defence against infection. In order to function properly, the immune system must be able to detect and protect against infinite agents s ...
Streptococcus pneumoniae: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment(Post)Streptococcus pneumoniae, commonly known as pneumococcus, is a Gram-positive, encapsulated bacterium that is a leading cause of respiratory and invasive diseases worldwide. It is part of ...
Rapid COVID Antibody Test | Antibody Tests(Post)What does the COVID-19 Rapid POC CE-IVD Test detect? The test detects the presence of patient-generated antibodies against spike protein, the virus which causes the disease COVID-19. The te ...
Networking tips for scientists(Post)During my PhD I knew how networking was important, it helped me source reagents off other labs, get the best advice and helped me land a post doc at Cambridge University. Its not ...
MAPK Signaling in Inflammatory Cytokines Pathways(Post)The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway is a pivotal signaling cascade that plays a crucial role in mediating cellular responses to various external stimuli. This pathway is intricate ...
Barrett’s Oesophagus to Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma – Review(Post)Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma is on the rise globally affecting more than 450,000 people worldwide (Pennathur, Gibson et al. 2013). Once diagnosed overall 5-year survival ranges from 15 % to ...
SfN Neuroscience 2024(Post)SfN 2024: Meet Assay Genie at the Society for NeuroscienceAssay Genie is delighted to be attending SfN 2024 in Chicago, Illinois on 5th to the 9th of October at the McCormick Convention ...
Cell Synchronisation Methods(Post)What is Cell Synchronisation? Cell synchronisation is a process by which cells at different stages of the cell cycle in a culture are brought to the same phase. Cell synchronisation is ...
Multiple Sclerosis and Stem Cells(Post)By Sonika Singh PhD candidate, University of Nottingham A Devastating Disease Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory disease ba ...
Enokizumab: Exploring Its Mechanism, Clinical Applications, and Biosimilar Advancements(Post)Quick Facts About EnokizumabWhat is Enokizumab?Enokizumab is a monoclonal antibody designed to target interleukin-9 (IL-9), a cytokine involved in inflammatory responses. It has been st ...
Hybridoma Technology: Revolutionizing Antibody Production(Post)Hybridoma technology, a revolutionary method in immunology pioneered by Georges Köhler and César Milstein in the 1970s, has transformed the landscape of antibody production. This groundbreaking t ...
Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways: A Key to Innate Immunity(Post)In the intricate landscape of the immune system, toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a fundamental role in the first line of defense against pathogens. These receptors, essential components of the in ...
Apoptosis Caspase Pathways: A Closer Look at Cellular Suicide(Post)Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a fundamental process that plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of healthy tissues. Central to this process are caspases, a family of c ...
Control Samples Required for ELISA Protocol(Post)Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a powerful analytical biochemistry assay that utilizes antibodies and color change to identify a substance. It is widely used in the field of immunolo ...
Fluorescence spectroscopy: An early detection tool for cancer.(Post)Millions of people are afflicted with cancer each year. 2016 statistics for the USA alone show over half a million deaths attributed to cancer 1. We have come a long way from our early unders ...
Protease vs Peptidase: Understanding Enzymatic Digestion(Post)In the complex world of biochemical processes, enzymes play a crucial role in catalyzing various reactions necessary for life. Among these enzymes, proteases and peptidases are fundamental pla ...
Understanding the Autophagy Pathway: A Critical Process in Cellular Maintenance(Post)Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process, is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to various stressors. This self-eating mechanism involves the degradation and recycling o ...
Angiotensin Pathways: Unlocking the Secrets to Blood Pressure Regulation and Beyond(Post)The angiotensin pathway is a pivotal hormonal system that plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance within the body. This complex biochemical ...
29 PhD Thesis Writing Tips(Post)Explore 29 essential tips for crafting a compelling and well-structured PhD thesis, blending effective writing practices with time management and academic rigor for a successful dissertation jour ...
Preeclampsia & immune cell regulation | Assay Genie(Post)What is preeclampsia? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one in ten pregnant women is affected by hypertensive disorders, and preeclampsia ...
Mouse Monoclonal Antibody(Post)Mouse monoclonal antibodies are a valuable tool in the biomedical field. They can be used for a variety of applications, from research to clinical diagnostics. In this blog post, we ...
Metabolism or pluripotency – which regulates which? A chicken or the egg story.(Post)By Sophie Arthur How many diseases and conditions do you think exist in this world? Thousands? Hundreds of thousands? Maybe even millions? Unfortunately, I don’t know the answer. But what ...
JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway: A Comprehensive Exploration(Post)window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_V2_ELEMENTS = window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_V2_ELEMENTS || new Array(); window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_V2_ELEMENTS.push({ uuid: 's-45124fd5-9a75-444d-b680-b8339e2a814d' }) Progr ...
Excluding Doublets in FACS Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide(Post)Overview: Doublet discrimination is essential in Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) to ensure accurate results, as doublets (two cells sticking together) can resemble single cell ...
Epigenetic modifiication & Histone methylation(Post)Agata Miezaniec PhD Candidate, University of Nottingham, UK Epigenetics and the link to DNA Methylation The term ‘Epigene ...
ILC2: The Immune Cell That Fights Allergies and Infections(Post)ILC2 - Function, Cytokines, and Role in Health and Disease A quick guide to IL2C ...
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP) – Review(Post)Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP) were first discovered in the 1960s by Dr.Marshall Urist, an orthopaedic surgeon at UCLA (Urist 1965). BMPs are classically associated with their roles in limb ...
Mitophagy: The Cell's Cleanup Crew for Healthy Living(Post)Mitophagy, a term derived from the fusion of "mitochondria" and "autophagy," represents a vital cellular process responsible for the targeted degradation and recycling of dysfunctional mitocho ...
Platinum based cancer drugs and next generation therapeutics(Post)Platinum based cancer drugs Despite nearly 50% of all anti-cancer treatments being platinum-based, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics ...
Understanding Blotchy Western Blots: Causes and Remedies(Post)Western blotting is a powerful and widely used technique in molecular biology, essential for detecting and quantifying specific proteins in complex biological samples. However, despite its pop ...
The Complement System - pathways & function in the immune system(Post)The Complement System Function Gone are the days when the complement system was considered solely a companion of its impressive adaptive immune system count ...
Nod-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway: A Keystone in Innate Immunity(Post)The innate immune system, a primary line of defense against pathogens, comprises various cellular and molecular mechanisms. Among these, the Nod-like Receptor (NLR) signaling pathways play a crit ...
Natalizumab: Mechanism, Applications, and Emerging Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Crohn's Disease(Post)Quick Facts About NatalizumabWhat is Natalizumab?Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) and Crohn's disease. It works by blocking immune cells from a ...
Polatuzumab: Redefining Targeted Therapies in B-Cell Lymphoma(Post)What You Need to Know About PolatuzumabWhat is Polatuzumab??Polatuzumab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting CD79b, a component of the B-cell receptor, used primarily in B-ce ...
Hemocytometer Cell Counting Procedure(Post)Understanding the Functionality of a Hemocytometer Hemocytometers have be ...
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Assays: An Insight into Molecular Interactions(Post)Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) assays represent a pivotal technique in the molecular and cellular biology fields, enabling the examination of protein interactions, nucleic acid str ...
ST2 and IL33(Post)ST2, a member of the IL-1R Subfamily ST2 is a member of the IL-1R subfamily and was identified in 1989 [1]. The ST2 gene is located on chromos ...
Innate Immune Systemc Explained: Step-by-Step Process & Key Concepts(Post)The innate immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens, providing a rapid response to infections. This system comprises various cell types, each with specialized roles in detecti ...
Reprogramming Regulatory T Cells: A Breakthrough in Cancer Immunotherapy(Post)A New Dawn in Cancer Treatment: Reprogramming the Immune System's Own Soldiers For decades, the fight against cancer has been a relentless battle of attrition, with treatments like chemotherapy and ...
Hydroxychloroquine: Potential Treatment for COVID-19(Post)Hydroxychloroquine: Potential Treatment for COVID-19 What is Hydroxychloroquine? Hydroxychloroquine (HC ...
Optimizing Organoid Culture Conditions: Paving the Way for Revolutionary Advances in Biomedical Research(Post)In the dynamic landscape of biomedical research, organoids have emerged as a groundbreaking tool, offering three-dimensional (3D) models that mimic the complex architecture and functionality of h ...
3D Organoid Cell Viability Assay: Assessing Environmental Stress on BENOs for Live Delivery(Post)3D Organoid Cell Viability Assay (AKES081) effectively measures BENO model viability across different storage conditions. AKES081 detects significant viability differences, particularly ...
Mouse Injection Guide (Subcutaneous, Instramuscular & Intraperitonael)(Post)In scientific research involving mice, the administration of substances via injection is a common practice. Whether delivering drugs, antibodies, or experimental compounds, precise injection t ...
VEGF-A VEGFR-2 Signaling: Decoding the Blueprint of Angiogenesis for Therapeutic Insights(Post)The orchestration of angiogenesis, the process by which new blood vessels form from pre-existing ones, is a complex symphony regulated by various molecular players. At the forefront of this in ...
How to Choose a Secondary Antibody(Post)The selection of a secondary antibody is a critical step in the experimental design of various immunodetection methods, including Western Blot, ELISA, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluore ...
Western Blot Training: A Comprehensive Guide(Post)Western blotting, a cornerstone technique in molecular biology, biochemistry, and immunogenetics, is pivotal for detecting specific proteins in a sample. Its applications span various scientific ...
MAPK Oxidative Stress Pathway: A Journey through Cellular Signaling(Post)window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_V2_ELEMENTS = window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_V2_ELEMENTS || new Array(); window.SHOGUN_IMAGE_V2_ELEMENTS.push({ uuid: 's-e5394be4-6636-4558-9e32-20ef2f209b2b' }) In ...
15 Minute Qualitative COVID-19 Test | Assay Genie(Post)COVID-19 Testing Results in 15 Minutes Accurate detection of IgM and IgG patient-generated antibodies with the rapid, poin ...
CV writing tips for scientists(Post)Making the switch! This article provides some help on CV writing tips for scientists for PhDs and PostDocs looking for jobs outside of academia and what they might need to ...
How does Acute Myeloid Leukaemia start?(Post)I have been in the situation that I’m sure many of us have. I work on genes, which if you name to any right-minded individual, sound like a random string of nonsensical gibberish. So, mayb ...
Esophageal Cancer: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention(Post)Esophageal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the esophagus, which is the tube that carries food and liquids from your mouth to your stomach. Esophageal cancer can cause many d ...
Tips for Writing a Thesis Statement(Post)Writing a Thesis Statement Writing a thesis statement can be a frustrating task, whether you're working on your undergraduate, master's, or PhD degree. Unfortunatel ...
HERV-K group of endogenous retroviruses and cancer(Post)In 2006, upon completion of the Human Genome Project, it was discovered that nearly 8% of the human genome is made up of viral DNA. These viral remnants are composed of ancient germ ...
The role of IL-18 in health and disease(Post)Exploring IL-18: A key cytokine in inflammation and disease. Key Takeaways: IL-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a pivotal role in immune responses, particularly in inducing Type II ...
Boiling Proteins for Western Blotting: Optimal Conditions and Best Practices(Post)Boiling proteins is a critical step in preparing samples for Western blotting, a technique widely used to detect specific proteins in complex mixtures. Proper heating denatures the prote ...
Agarose vs Polyacrylamide: A Comparative Analysis(Post)In the realm of molecular biology and biochemistry, gel electrophoresis stands as a cornerstone technique for the separation and analysis of macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. Central ...
Understanding CD16: A Comprehensive Overview(Post)CD16, also known as FcγRIII (Fc gamma receptor III), plays a crucial role in the immune system, serving as a receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG). This receptor is a key player in ...
Cleaved Caspase-3 and Apoptosis(Post)Delve into the role of Cleaved Caspase-3 in programmed cell death and its implications in disease pathologies, unraveling its regulatory mechanisms and potential as a therapeutic target.
The Strategic Role of Secondary Antibody Incubation Times in Immunodetection Techniques(Post)Secondary antibodies are pivotal in the detection of target antigens in various immunodetection assays such as Western blotting, ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay), and immunohistochemistr ...
Time-Resolved Fluorescence (TRF): A Comprehensive Introduction(Post)Time-Resolved Fluorescence (TRF) technology is a cutting-edge analytical technique that has revolutionized the fields of biochemistry, immunology, and molecular biology. By offering a refined app ...
Immunophenotyping: A Comprehensive Analysis of Cellular Immune Profiles(Post)Immunophenotyping, a cornerstone of modern immunology, involves identifying and characterizing cell populations based on their surface markers. This technique provides insights into the hetero ...
Inflammasome Activation Pathways: A Comprehensive Overview(Post)Inflammasomes are complex intracellular structures that play a pivotal role in the immune response by detecting pathogenic microorganisms and sterile stressors. Their activation is a critical ste ...
Understanding CD16: A Comprehensive Overview(Post)CD16, also known as FcγRIII (Fc gamma receptor III), plays a crucial role in the immune system, serving as a receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG). This receptor is a key player in ...
2025 Nobel Prize in Medicine: Regulatory T Cells and Peripheral Immune Tolerance(Post)The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to a trio of scientists for their groundbreaking work on peripheral immune tolerance, a mechanism that prevents our immune system from ...
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Subcellular Fractionation Protocol - Mitochrondria, Nuclear, Cytosolic(Page)What is Subcellular Fractionation? Subcellular fractionation is the process of iIsolating nuclear, cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions of high purity from tissues. Subcellular fracti ...
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Multiplex Custom Panels(Page)Create your own custom multiplex assay with over 400 analytes to choose from! At Assay Genie we can develop custom assays to meet your research needs within 10 days! To find out more infor ...
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