10553 results for 'Complement 3'

Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) represent a fascinating component of the immune system, playing a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and mounting rapid responses against pathogens. Th ...

Protein kinase B or AKT (PKB) is a serine/threonine kinase. In mammals it is comprised of 3 highly homologous isoforms PKBα (Akt1), PKBβ (Akt2), and PKBγ (Akt3) (Manning and Cantley 2007). AKT ...

In the realm of biomedical imaging, the quest for precision and clarity drives researchers to explore innovative technologies. One such breakthrough is the Cy3 wavelength, a powerful tool revo ...

Apoptosis Unveiled: Your Complete Guide to Intrinsic & Extrinsic PathwaysAt Assay Genie we have created a comprehensive guide outlining everything you need to know about apoptosis!K ...

Myrna Hurtado, PhD Student, University of North Texas Health Science Center Advancements in modern medicine have resulted in significantly prolonging and ...

What is Cell Synchronisation? Cell synchronisation is a process by which cells at different stages of the cell cycle in a culture are brought to the same phase. Cell synchronisation is ...

Kit di Estrazione DNA/RNA Virus Il Kit di Estrazione dell'Acido Nucleico Virale II è stato progettato specificamente per la purificazione efficiente del DNA virale e dell'RNA vir ...

Hybridoma cells are essential tools for producing monoclonal antibodies and are derived by fusing B lymphocytes (antibody-producing cells) with myeloma cells (cancer cells) to achieve bo ...

Written by Seán Mac Fhearraigh, PhD  •  Updated: 19 May 2026  •  ~10 min read Quick Answer A sandwich ELISA uses two antib ...

The MycoGenie Rapid Mycoplasma Detection Kit enables the detection of 28 Mycoplasma species in under 1 hour using a simple visual determination method, eliminating the need for expensiv ...

The use of M2 Supplement in organoid culture has revolutionized the way researchers cultivate and maintain these three-dimensional (3D) cellular models. Organoids—self-organizing cell cl ...

MST2/Hippo PathwayMammalian Sterile Twenty (MST) pathways have been identified as a homologue of the ste20 kinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Creasy and Chernoff 1995). The MST2/Hippo pathwa ...

Millions of people are afflicted with cancer each year. 2016 statistics for the USA alone show over half a million deaths attributed to cancer 1. We have come a long way from our early unders ...

At Assay Genie we have created a comprehensive guide outlining everything you need to know about apoptosis! Key Takeaways: Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process, vital for tissu ...

The Ebola virus has been in the news a lot lately, but many people still don't know what it is or how it spreads. In this blog post, we will discuss the basics of the Ebola virus: w ...

Introduction Phosphorylation is a fundamental biochemical process that plays a crucial role in various cellular functions. It involves the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, typ ...

Shane O’Grady, PhD student, RCSI Cancer is a disease that will, unfortunately, touch all of our lives at some point, directly or indirectly. Despite decades ...

By Shane Houston, PhD Candidate Queen’s University Belfast Cancer is an age old adversary of the human race. This out-of-control growth of abnormal cells has been a shadow over human health ...

Delve into the pivotal role of Neurofilament Light chain (NEFL) in neuron structure and its emerging importance as a biomarker for various neurodegenerative diseases, offering insights into di ...

Platelets, the tiny cellular fragments found in our blood, play a crucial role in maintaining our overall health and well-being. From their role in blood clotting to their involveme ...

Enhancing Cancer Research: Syngeneic Mouse Models and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors A quick guide to Syngeneic Mouse Models Syngeneic Mouse Models Cancer research has seen rem ...

Immunophenotyping, a cornerstone of modern immunology, involves identifying and characterizing cell populations based on their surface markers. This technique provides insights into the hetero ...

Histamine, a biogenic amine, plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including immune responses, gastric acid secretion, and neurotransmission. Central to the action of histamine ...

By Zoe Angel, PhD Student, Ulster University Prostate cancer is now the commonest cancer in men and it is the fifth leading cause of death (1). Researc ...

Ovarian cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. Ovarian cancer is when the normal cells in the ovary change and grow to form a tumour. Because the ovaries are located deep ...

Quick Facts About Patritumab DeruxtecanWhat is Patritumab Deruxtecan?Patritumab Deruxtecan (HER3-DXd) is an investigational antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting HER3, a receptor impl ...

Quick Facts About LitifilimabWhat is Litifilimab?Litifilimab is a monoclonal antibody developed by Biogen targeting BDCA2, a receptor on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), to regulate ...

Quick Facts About TarextumabWhat is Tarextumab?Tarextumab is a novel therapeutic antibody designed to target the Notch signaling pathway, which plays a crucial role in tumor progression ...

Quick Facts About Rovalpituzumab TesirineWhat is Rovalpituzumab Tesirine?Rovalpituzumab Tesirine (Rova-T) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) designed to target DLL3, a protein overexpr ...

Natural killer (NK) cells are a crucial component of the innate immune system and play a significant role in eliminating tumor cells. Unlike T cells, NK cells can recognize and kill canc ...

SARS-CoV-2, the causative viral agent of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19, has sparked a global effort for creating prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. The following ...

Both Assay Genie MORV0010 and Promega E1910 effectively quenched Firefly luciferase before Renilla detection, minimizing signal overlap. E1910 achieved 99.95% quenching efficiency, whil ...

Growth factors play a vital role in the complex web of biological processes, serving as key regulators in various essential events. They exert significant influence over cruc ...

Key Facts About TalacotuzumabWhat is Talacotuzumab?Talacotuzumab is a monoclonal antibody designed to target CD123, a protein commonly found on the surface of certain blood cancer cells ...

The Dynex DS2 platform fully automates the MR-proANP and MR-proADM ELISA assays, streamlining sample processing from loading to detection. Automation ensures consistent assay performanc ...

Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, triggers an immune response that produces antibodies detectable by laboratory tests. Diagnosing syphilis often involves detecting the ...

Phosphorothioate is a chemical modification commonly used in oligonucleotide-based therapies to enhance the stability and efficacy of therapeutic nucleic acids. In this modification, one ...

3D Organoid Cell Viability Assay (AKES081) effectively measures BENO model viability across different storage conditions. AKES081 detects significant viability differences, particularly ...

Explore the complexities of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) signaling and regulation, a crucial aspect in immune response modulation and its dual roles in cancer development and therapy. Key Takeaways ...

Toll-Like Receptors The innate immune response has come under the spotlight in recent years due to its central role in propagating the pathoge ...

Understanding the differentiation pathways of neural stem cells (NSCs) and the identification of lineage-specific markers is a cornerstone in the field of neurobiology and regenerative medicine.

In recent years, the field of oncology has witnessed a paradigm shift with the advent of immunotherapy, a treatment modality that harnesses the body's immune system to combat cancer. Among the mo ...

Written by Seán Mac Fhearraigh, PhD  •  Updated: 19 May 2026  •  ~9 min read Quick Answer ELISA and Western Blot are both antibody-based protein detection methods. ELISA is f ...

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a protein that stimulates cell growth and differentiation by binding to its receptor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which triggers ligand-induced ...

Quick Facts About BrodalumabWhat is Brodalumab?Brodalumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the IL-17 receptor to treat immune-mediated conditions like moderate-to-severe plaque pso ...

What is pharmacogenomics Pharmacogenomics is how DNA variation and drugs interact and how this can optimise patient health; this involves studying pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics ...

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a fundamental process that plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of healthy tissues. Central to this process are caspases, a family of c ...

What is Wnt Signalling? The Wnt signalling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that plays critical roles in the regulation of determining cell ...

The Assay Genie 3D Organoid Cell Viability Assay (AKES081) provided superior results compared to ThermoScientific PrestoBlue, maintaining over 100% viability at all time points in untre ...

Chemokines are small signaling proteins that play a crucial role in the immune system by directing the movement of cells, orchestrating immune responses, and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Th ...

By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD Similar to IL-33, IL-36R ligands are involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Analogous to IL-33, d is local ...

Quick Facts About CetuximabWhat is Cetuximab?Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), widely used in cancer therapy.How does Cetuximab w ...

Danka Kozareva PhD Candidate, University College Cork The generation of neurons from stem cells The process of generating ...

The initial identification of PD-1 as a potential target for cancer treatment occurred in the late 1990s and early 2000s through studies exploring the regulation of T-cell responses ...

Pancreatic cancer survival rates Despite recent advances in our understanding of this disease, pancreatic cancer is one of the world’s most lethal maligna ...

By Charlotte O’Donnell PhD Cancer Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process that develops through epigenetic changes an ...

By Sonika Singh PhD candidate, University of Nottingham A Devastating Disease Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory disease ba ...

Delving into TNF alpha's critical role in inflammation and its therapeutic targeting. Key Takeaways: TNF alpha is a crucial cytokine in inflammation and apoptosis. Its structure facilita ...

Deprotonation is a fundamental chemical process that plays a crucial role in various aspects of chemistry, ranging from organic synthesis to biochemistry. It involves the removal of a proton ( ...

Katherine Edwards, PhD Student, Queen’s University Belfast Cytokines play a vital role in immune responses enabling cross-talk between different cell types ...

What is the Coronavirus Spike Protein? COVID-19, the newest coronavirus to gain international attention, is caused by severe acute respirato ...

Understanding Beta-Oxidation: A Comprehensive Overview Fatty acids provide a highly efficient energy storage mechanism, delivering more energy per gram than common carbohydrates like glu ...

Western blotting is a powerful and widely used technique in molecular biology, essential for detecting and quantifying specific proteins in complex biological samples. However, despite its pop ...

Microglia Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Glial ...

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the body's immune system to fight malignancies. Among the notable advancements in this field is the development of immune ...

PCR stands as a cornerstone in molecular biology, enabling scientists to magnify and analyze fragments of DNA with incredible precision. In this blog, we'll embark on understanding of PCR – fro ...

Breakthrough Discovery: Epstein-Barr Virus Identified as Primary Trigger for Lupus A groundbreaking study published in November 2025 has provided the most definitive evidence to date that the common ...

Flow cytometry is a powerful analytical technology employed in cell biology, immunology, and oncology research. It enables the rapid measurement of physical and chemical characteristics of cells ...

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE “GREEN” EVOLUTION OF OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE WITHIN OUR ATMOSPHERE Million years ago carbon dioxide (CO2) levels used to be consid ...

ST2, a member of the IL-1R Subfamily ST2 is a member of the IL-1R subfamily and was identified in 1989 [1]. The ST2 gene is located on chromos ...

Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are pivotal in the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). These receptors are not only crucial for normal bra ...

In the realm of medicine, antibiotics are akin to superheroes, combating bacterial infections with unwavering efficacy. Among these, two stalwarts stand out: penicillin and streptomycin. These ...

In the intricate landscape of the immune system, toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a fundamental role in the first line of defense against pathogens. These receptors, essential components of the in ...

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Shelly Pathak PhD candidate, University of Leeds SAIDs Systemic Auto-inflammatory diseases (SAIDs) have been defined as a group of mainly inherited disorde ...

Platinum based cancer drugs Despite nearly 50% of all anti-cancer treatments being platinum-based, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics ...

By Charlotte O'Donnell PhD The genes of the IL-36 family members are located in a cluster on chromosome 2 [1]. All three activating ligands, IL-36α, IL-36β ...

Quick Facts About RamucirumabWhat is Ramucirumab?Ramucirumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), inhibiting angiogenesis, a pr ...

Exploring IL-18: A key cytokine in inflammation and disease. Key Takeaways: IL-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a pivotal role in immune responses, particularly in inducing Type II ...

In the evolving landscape of cellular biology, intracellular flow cytometry (ICFC) stands out as a powerful technique for analyzing the complexities within cells. This advanced method extends the ...

Introduction Claudins are a family of proteins that play a critical role in the formation of ...

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COVID-19 Nasal Swab Test Nasal/Nasopharyngeal Swabs for Viral Sample Collection The developme ...

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Mycoplasma Testing Mycoplasma Detection & Elimination Kits Visually detect Mycoplasma by eye in 1 hour! View Validation h1.page-heading{ display: ...

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Key Takeaways: Site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) enables precise DNA sequence alterations. Used for investigating protein activity changes and introducing beneficial mutations. GenieClone ki ...

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What is IHC? Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a valuable tool used for the identification of specific antigens within embedded tissue prepara ...

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Co-immunoprecipitation Protocol A detailed guide of how Co-IP works, a step by step Co-IP protocol and some hints & tips for your Co-IP workflow! Introductio ...

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Phosphorylation ELISA Screen cell lysates without Western Blot analysis! Determine phosphorylated protein to verify pathway activation! ...

The Ultimate Western Blot Guide At Assay Ge ...