iNOS Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit
- SKU:
- CBCAB00004
- Product type:
- ELISA Kit
- ELISA Type:
- Cell Based
Description
| Product Name: | iNOS Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA |
| Product Code: | CBCAB00004 |
| ELISA Type: | Cell-Based |
| Target: | iNOS |
| Reactivity: | Human |
| Dynamic Range: | > 5000 Cells |
| Detection Method: | Colorimetric 450 nmStorage/Stability:4°C/6 Months |
| Format: | 96-Well Microplate |
The iNOS Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit is a convenient, lysate-free, high throughput and sensitive assay kit that can detect iNOS protein expression profile in cells. The kit can be used for measuring the relative amounts of iNOS in cultured cells as well as screening for the effects that various treatments, inhibitors (ie siRNA or chemicals), or activators have on iNOS.
Qualitative determination of iNOS concentration is achieved by an indirect ELISA format. In essence, iNOS is captured by iNOS-specific primary antibodies while the HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies bind the Fc region of the primary antibody. Through this binding, the HRP enzyme conjugated to the secondary antibody can catalyze a colorimetric reaction upon substrate addition. Due to the qualitative nature of the Cell-Based ELISA, multiple normalization methods are needed:
| 1. | A monoclonal antibody specific for human GAPDH is included to serve as an internal positive control in normalizing the target absorbance values. |
| 2. | Following the colorimetric measurement of HRP activity via substrate addition, the Crystal Violet whole-cell staining method may be used to determine cell density. After staining, the results can be analysed by normalizing the absorbance values to cell amounts, by which the plating difference can be adjusted. |
| Database Information: | Gene ID: 4843, UniProt ID: P35228, OMIM: 163730, Unigene: Hs.709191 |
| Gene Symbol: | NOS2 |
| Sub Type: | None |
| UniProt Protein Function: | Function: Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions. Also has nitrosylase activity and mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such COX2. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Catalytic activity: 2 L-arginine + 3 NADPH + 4 O2 = 2 L-citrulline + 2 nitric oxide + 3 NADP+ + 4 H2O. Cofactor: Heme group By similarity.Binds 1 FAD By similarity.Binds 1 FMN By similarity.Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). May stabilize the dimeric form of the enzyme By similarity. Enzyme regulation: Regulated by calcium/calmodulin. Aspirin inhibits expression and function of this enzyme and effects may be exerted at the level of translational/post-translational modification and directly on the catalytic activity By similarity. Subunit structure: Homodimer. Binds SLC9A3R1. Tissue specificity: Expressed in the liver, retina, bone cells and airway epithelial cells of the lung. Not expressed in the platelets. Induction: By endotoxins and cytokines. Induced by IFNG/IFN-gamma acting synergistically with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), TNF or IL1B/interleukin-1 beta. Ref.14 Polymorphism: Note=Genetic variations in NOS2 are involved in resistance to malaria [ MIM:611162]. Sequence similarities: Belongs to the NOS family.Contains 1 FAD-binding FR-type domain.Contains 1 flavodoxin-like domain. |
| NCBI Summary: | Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical which acts as a biologic mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. This gene encodes a nitric oxide synthase which is expressed in liver and is inducible by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and certain cytokines. Three related pseudogenes are located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] |
| UniProt Code: | P35228 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 1352513 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 4843 |
| NCBI Accession: | P35228.2 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | P35228,O60757, O94994, Q16263, Q16692, Q4TTS5, Q9UD42 A1L3U5, B7ZLY2, |
| UniProt Related Accession: | P35228 |
| Molecular Weight: | 131,117 Da |
| NCBI Full Name: | Nitric oxide synthase, inducible |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | NOS2 |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | NOS; INOS; NOS2A; HEP-NOS |
| NCBI Protein Information: | nitric oxide synthase, inducible; NOS type II; NOS, type II; inducible NOS; hepatocyte NOS; inducible NO synthase; nitric oxide synthase, macrophage; peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase NOS2; nitric oxide synthase 2A (inducible, hepatocytes) |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Nitric oxide synthase, inducible |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | Hepatocyte NOS; HEP-NOS; Inducible NO synthase; Inducible NOS; iNOS; NOS type II; Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase NOS2 |
| Protein Family: | Inositol 3-kinase |
| UniProt Gene Name: | NOS2 |
| UniProt Entry Name: | NOS2_HUMAN |
| Component | Quantity |
| 96-Well Cell Culture Clear-Bottom Microplate | 2 plates |
| 10X TBS | 24 mL |
| Quenching Buffer | 24 mL |
| Blocking Buffer | 50 mL |
| 15X Wash Buffer | 50 mL |
| Primary Antibody Diluent | 12 mL |
| 100x Anti-Phospho Target Antibody | 60 µL |
| 100x Anti-Target Antibody | 60 µL |
| Anti-GAPDH Antibody | 60 µL |
| HRP-Conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Antibody | 12 mL |
| HRP-Conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody | 12 mL |
| SDS Solution | 12 mL |
| Stop Solution | 24 mL |
| Ready-to-Use Substrate | 12 mL |
| Crystal Violet Solution | 12 mL |
| Adhesive Plate Seals | 2 seals |
The following materials and/or equipment are NOT provided in this kit but are necessary to successfully conduct the experiment:
- Microplate reader able to measure absorbance at 450 nm and/or 595 nm for Crystal Violet Cell Staining (Optional)
- Micropipettes with capability of measuring volumes ranging from 1 µL to 1 ml
- 37% formaldehyde (Sigma Cat# F-8775) or formaldehyde from other sources
- Squirt bottle, manifold dispenser, multichannel pipette reservoir or automated microplate washer
- Graph paper or computer software capable of generating or displaying logarithmic functions
- Absorbent papers or vacuum aspirator
- Test tubes or microfuge tubes capable of storing ≥1 ml
- Poly-L-Lysine (Sigma Cat# P4832 for suspension cells)
- Orbital shaker (optional)
- Deionized or sterile water
*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
| Step | Procedure |
| 1. | Seed 200 µL of 20,000 adherent cells in culture medium in each well of a 96-well plate. The plates included in the kit are sterile and treated for cell culture. For suspension cells and loosely attached cells, coat the plates with 100 µL of 10 µg/ml Poly-L-Lysine (not included) to each well of a 96-well plate for 30 minutes at 37°C prior to adding cells. |
| 2. | Incubate the cells for overnight at 37°C, 5% CO2. |
| 3. | Treat the cells as desired. |
| 4. | Remove the cell culture medium and rinse with 200 µL of 1x TBS, twice. |
| 5. | Fix the cells by incubating with 100 µL of Fixing Solution for 20 minutes at room temperature. The 4% formaldehyde is used for adherent cells and 8% formaldehyde is used for suspension cells and loosely attached cells. |
| 6. | Remove the Fixing Solution and wash the plate 3 times with 200 µL 1x Wash Buffer for five minutes each time with gentle shaking on the orbital shaker. The plate can be stored at 4°C for a week. |
| 7. | Add 100 µL of Quenching Buffer and incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature. |
| 8. | Wash the plate 3 times with 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time. |
| 9. | Add 200 µL of Blocking Buffer and incubate for 1 hour at room temperature. |
| 10. | Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time. |
| 11. | Add 50 µL of 1x primary antibodies (Anti-iNOS Antibody and/or Anti-GAPDH Antibody) to the corresponding wells, cover with Parafilm and incubate for 16 hours (overnight) at 4°C. If the target expression is known to be high, incubate for 2 hours at room temperature. |
| 12. | Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time. |
| 13. | Add 50 µL of 1x secondary antibodies (HRP-Conjugated AntiRabbit IgG Antibody or HRP-Conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody) to corresponding wells and incubate for 1.5 hours at room temperature. |
| 14. | Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time. |
| 15. | Add 50 µL of Ready-to-Use Substrate to each well and incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature in the dark. |
| 16. | Add 50 µL of Stop Solution to each well and read OD at 450 nm immediately using the microplate reader. |
(Additional Crystal Violet staining may be performed if desired – details of this may be found in the kit technical manual.)
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