1436 results for '26S proteasome'

Every T-cell response begins with a protein being taken apart. Before a CD8 or CD4 T cell can see anything, an antigen has to be degraded into peptides of the right length, delivered to the right com

Disease & Pathway Tools | ELISA Kits, Antibodies & Assays by Research Area | Assay Genie

Ubiquitin is a small, highly conserved protein found in eukaryotic cells that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes. The process of ubiquitination involves the covalent att

Targeting USP22: A New Approach to Enhance Anticancer Immunity Introduction In the ever-evolving landscape of cancer research, the intricate relationship between immune e

NF-κB is not one pathway, it is two clocks running at different speeds. The canonical arm fires within minutes of TNF-α, IL-1β or LPS reaching the surface, peaks, and is switched off by feedback it e

Cell Culture · ProtocolsCell Synchronisation Methods: Protocols for G1, S, G2 and M Phase ArrestAn asynchronous culture contains cells at every stage of the cycle at once, so any measurement is an ave

Quick Facts About BelantamabWhat is Belantamab?Belantamab Mafodotin is a cutting-edge antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) designed for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

Cell Biology · Protein DegradationThe Autophagy Pathway: Mechanism, Regulation and How to Measure ItAutophagy is the cell’s route for degrading and recycling its own contents — damaged organelles, agg

Quick Info Section: Key Facts About TalquetamabWhat is Talquetamab?Talquetamab is a novel monoclonal antibody being developed for the treatment of multiple myeloma and other cancers. It

Cancer Biology · Cell Signallingp53: Structure, Signalling, Regulation and Mutation in Cancerp53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer, and the reason is structural: a single tetrameric

For decades, cancer drug development has focused on blocking proteins—inhibiting enzymes, antagonizing receptors, disrupting signaling pathways. Yet this approach leaves a vast landscape of disease-d

The ERK signal transduction pathway stands as a fundamental mechanism in cellular biology, orchestrating a wide array of physiological processes, including cell division, differentiation, and surv

Quick Facts About SiltuximabWhat is Siltuximab?Siltuximab is a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-6 (IL-6), a cytokine involved in inflammation and immune regulation.What is the m

Cell Cycle · KinasesCyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases: Regulation, Substrates and Mitotic ControlCDKs are inactive on their own. They require a cyclin partner, and because cyclin levels rise and fa

Explore antigen presentation's crucial role in adaptive immunity and its impact on cancer immunotherapy, highlighting the diversity and function of MHC class I molecules. Key Takeaway

Biochemistry · Cell SignallingPhosphorylation: Types, ATP Synthesis and Cell SignallingAdding a phosphate group is how cells both store energy and switch proteins on and off. The same chemistry underl

Immunology Guide MHC Class I vs Class II: Key Differences & Functions [Guide] Major Histocompatibility Complex molecules present antigens to T

Metabolism · Biochemistry Guide Cellular Respiration: Stages, ATP Production & Pathway Guide How cells convert glucose and oxygen into ATP acr

1. What is a Biosimilar? A biosimilar is a biologic medical product that is highly similar to an already-approved reference biologic. While minor differences in clinically inactive compon

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for various malignancies. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies is the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, part

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a fundamental process that plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of healthy tissues. Central to this process are caspases, a family of cy

Delving into the intricate world of Mitotic Catastrophe, this blog unveils its critical role in cell division and cancer therapy, offering insights into its mechanisms and potential treatments.

Introduction to TNFRSF9 and Its Role in Immune ActivationTNFRSF9, also known as 4-1BB or CD137, is a co-stimulatory receptor expressed on the surface of T cells, natural killer (NK) cells

In the intricate world of cellular signaling, the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway plays a pivotal role in regulating various cellular processes. One facet of this pathwa

Hypoxia, or low oxygen levels, poses a significant challenge to cells, necessitating rapid and efficient adaptation mechanisms. The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) pathway is a well-known regula

At Assay Genie we have created a comprehensive guide outlining everything you need to know about apoptosis! Key Takeaways: Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process, vital for tissue

The fight against B cell cancers, a challenging spectrum of hematologic malignancies, has entered a new era with the introduction of rituximab biosimilars. These biosimilars promise to extend the

Recent advances in immunotherapy have highlighted the importance of targeting immune checkpoints to enhance the immune system’s ability to combat cancer. A new potential target in this gr

In recent years, the field of oncology has witnessed a paradigm shift with the advent of immunotherapy, a treatment modality that harnesses the body's immune system to combat cancer. Among the mos

Immunology · T LymphocytesCD8+ T Cells: Cytotoxic Mechanisms, Memory and ExhaustionCD8+ T cells kill infected and transformed cells directly, and they do it with a specificity nothing else in the immu

Immunotherapy has transformed the landscape of cancer treatment by leveraging the body’s immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. A key player in this process is Inducible T-cell

PVR (Poliovirus receptor), also known as CD155, is a molecule that plays a dual role in regulating the immune response within the tumor microenvironment. While initially discovered as a r

Harnessing the immune system to fight cancer has become a pivotal strategy in modern oncology. A key component in this fight is CD27, a receptor that plays a crucial role in T-cell activa

Neuroscience · BiomarkersA Guide to Tau Proteins & TauopathiesTau keeps the neuronal cytoskeleton standing up. When its phosphorylation goes wrong, the same protein becomes the aggregate that defines

IntroductionCancer cells have developed sophisticated mechanisms to evade the immune system, particularly through the inhibition of T-cell responses. One such mechanism involves the progr

Cancer cells are adept at avoiding destruction by the immune system, often exploiting specific pathways to escape detection and elimination. One of these key mechanisms involves the SIRPα

Spatial Transcriptomics: Mapping the Future of Medicine at Cellular Resolution Imagine being able to create a detailed map of a city, not just showing the streets and buildings, but also revealing th

Quick Facts About CanakinumabWhat is Canakinumab?Canakinumab is a human monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), reducing inflammation associated with various disease

Imagine a future where cancer cells, once masters of disguise, are forced to reveal themselves and even train the body's immune system to fight back. This isn't science fiction; it's the groundbreaki

B7-H3, also known as CD276, is a member of the B7 family of immune checkpoint molecules that has emerged as a compelling target in tumor immunotherapy. Initially recognized for its role i

Cell Signalling · Kinase CascadesMAPK Signaling: The Pathway of Mitogen StimulationThe mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is one of the most important signalling cascades in biology, conv

Introduction to KIR Blockade in Cancer ImmunotherapyNatural killer (NK) cells are crucial components of the innate immune system, responsible for recognizing and destroying virally infec

Cell Biology · Programmed Cell DeathApoptosis: Your Complete Guide to Intrinsic & Extrinsic PathwaysApoptosis is programmed cell death — the controlled, non-inflammatory removal of damaged or unwanted

Imagine a microscopic sniper, capable of delivering a lethal blow to a single cancer cell while leaving its healthy neighbors virtually untouched. This is the promise of targeted alpha therapy, a rev

Enhancing Cancer Research: Syngeneic Mouse Models and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors A quick guide to Syngeneic Mouse Models Syngeneic Mouse Models Cancer research has seen rema

Metabolism · Biochemistry GuideBeta-Oxidation of Fatty AcidsBeta-oxidation is the mitochondrial pathway that breaks fatty acids down into acetyl-CoA for energy. This guide covers where it happen

For decades, the brain has been considered an immune sanctuary, protected by the formidable blood-brain barrier. This intricate defense system, while vital for safeguarding our most complex organ, ha

Introduction to BTLA in Immune Regulation B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an immune checkpoint molecule that plays a critical role in regulating immune responses by suppressing T

Introduction to CD80 and Its Role in Immune Activation CD80 is a critical immune checkpoint molecule that plays an essential role in T cell activation through co-stimulatory pathways. Exp

Introduction to PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 in Cancer ImmunotherapyThe PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway has been instrumental in cancer immunotherapy, with PD-1 (programmed death-1) inhibi

Imagine engineering a patient's own immune cells into precision-guided missiles against cancer—cells that can seek out and destroy tumors with remarkable specificity. This is the promise of CAR-T cell