FAS ligand Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit (CBCAB00654)

Product Name:	FAS ligand Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit
Product Code:	CBCAB00654
ELISA Type:	Cell-Based
Target:	FAS ligand
Reactivity:	Human, Mouse
Dynamic Range:	> 5000 Cells
Detection Method:	Colorimetric 450 nmStorage/Stability:4°C/6 Months
Format:	96-Well Microplate

The FAS ligand Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit is a convenient, lysate-free, high throughput and sensitive assay kit that can detect FAS ligand protein expression profile in cells. The kit can be used for measuring the relative amounts of FAS ligand in cultured cells as well as screening for the effects that various treatments, inhibitors (ie siRNA or chemicals), or activators have on FAS ligand.

Qualitative determination of FAS ligand concentration is achieved by an indirect ELISA format. In essence, FAS ligand is captured by FAS ligand-specific primary antibodies while the HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies bind the Fc region of the primary antibody. Through this binding, the HRP enzyme conjugated to the secondary antibody can catalyze a colorimetric reaction upon substrate addition. Due to the qualitative nature of the Cell-Based ELISA, multiple normalization methods are needed:

1.	A monoclonal antibody specific for human GAPDH is included to serve as an internal positive control in normalizing the target absorbance values.
2.	Following the colorimetric measurement of HRP activity via substrate addition, the Crystal Violet whole-cell staining method may be used to determine cell density. After staining, the results can be analysed by normalizing the absorbance values to cell amounts, by which the plating difference can be adjusted.

Database Information:	Gene ID: 356, UniProt ID: P48023, OMIM: 134638/601859, Unigene: Hs.2007
Gene Symbol:	FASLG
Sub Type:	None

UniProt Protein Function:	FasL: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF6/FAS, a receptor that transduces the apoptotic signal into cells. May be involved in cytotoxic T-cell mediated apoptosis and in T-cell development. TNFRSF6/FAS-mediated apoptosis may have a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance, in the antigen-stimulated suicide of mature T-cells, or both. Binding to the decoy receptor TNFRSF6B/DcR3 modulates its effects. Homotrimer (Probable). Interacts with ARHGAP9, BAIAP2L1, BTK, CACNB3, CACNB4, CRK, DLG2, DNMBP, DOCK4, EPS8L3, FGR, FYB, FYN, HCK, ITK, ITSN2, KALRN, LYN, MACC1, MIA, MPP4, MYO15A, NCF1, NCK1, NCK2, NCKIPSD, OSTF1, PIK3R1, PSTPIP1, RIMBP3C, SAMSN1, SH3GL3, SH3PXD2B, SH3PXD2A, SH3RF2, SKAP2, SNX33, SNX9, SORBS3, SPTA1, SRC, SRGAP1, SRGAP2, SRGAP3, TEC, TJP3 and YES1. Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Membrane protein, integral; Apoptosis; Cytokine Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q23 Cellular Component: extracellular space; lysosomal lumen; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; integral to plasma membrane; extracellular region; plasma membrane; caveola; nucleus; external side of plasma membrane Molecular Function:protein binding; death receptor binding; cytokine activity; tumor necrosis factor receptor binding; receptor binding Biological Process: caspase activation; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; transcription, DNA-dependent; apoptosis; positive regulation of apoptosis; response to lipopolysaccharide; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; signal transduction; cellular chloride ion homeostasis; endosomal lumen acidification; inflammatory cell apoptosis; negative regulation of angiogenesis; induction of apoptosis via death domain receptors; cell-cell signaling; positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of neuron apoptosis; positive regulation of cell proliferation; immune response; retinal cell programmed cell death Disease: Lung Cancer; Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
NCBI Summary:	This gene is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. The primary function of the encoded transmembrane protein is the induction of apoptosis triggered by binding to FAS. The FAS/FASLG signaling pathway is essential for immune system regulation, including activation-induced cell death (AICD) of T cells and cytotoxic T lymphocyte induced cell death. It has also been implicated in the progression of several cancers. Defects in this gene may be related to some cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
UniProt Code:	P48023
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	1345957
NCBI Gene ID:	356
NCBI Accession:	P48023.1
UniProt Secondary Accession:	P48023,Q9BZP9,
UniProt Related Accession:	P48023
Molecular Weight:	14,006 Da
NCBI Full Name:	Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	Fas ligand (TNF superfamily, member 6)
NCBI Official Symbol:	FASLG
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	APTL; FASL; CD178; CD95L; ALPS1B; CD95-L; TNFSF6; APT1LG1
NCBI Protein Information:	tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6; CD95 ligand; fas antigen ligand; apoptosis antigen ligand; apoptosis (APO-1) antigen ligand 1
UniProt Protein Name:	Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	Apoptosis antigen ligand; APTL; CD95 ligand; CD95-L; Fas antigen ligand; Fas ligand; FasL; CD_antigen: CD178Cleaved into the following 4 chains:Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6, membrane form; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6, soluble formAlternative name(s):Receptor-binding FasL ectodomain; Soluble Fas ligand; sFasL
Protein Family:	S-fimbrial adhesin protein
UniProt Gene Name:	FASLG
UniProt Entry Name:	TNFL6_HUMAN

Component	Quantity
96-Well Cell Culture Clear-Bottom Microplate	2 plates
10X TBS	24 mL
Quenching Buffer	24 mL
Blocking Buffer	50 mL
15X Wash Buffer	50 mL
Primary Antibody Diluent	12 mL
100x Anti-Phospho Target Antibody	60 µL
100x Anti-Target Antibody	60 µL
Anti-GAPDH Antibody	60 µL
HRP-Conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Antibody	12 mL
HRP-Conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody	12 mL
SDS Solution	12 mL
Stop Solution	24 mL
Ready-to-Use Substrate	12 mL
Crystal Violet Solution	12 mL
Adhesive Plate Seals	2 seals

The following materials and/or equipment are NOT provided in this kit but are necessary to successfully conduct the experiment:

Microplate reader able to measure absorbance at 450 nm and/or 595 nm for Crystal Violet Cell Staining (Optional)
Micropipettes with capability of measuring volumes ranging from 1 µL to 1 ml
37% formaldehyde (Sigma Cat# F-8775) or formaldehyde from other sources
Squirt bottle, manifold dispenser, multichannel pipette reservoir or automated microplate washer
Graph paper or computer software capable of generating or displaying logarithmic functions
Absorbent papers or vacuum aspirator
Test tubes or microfuge tubes capable of storing ≥1 ml
Poly-L-Lysine (Sigma Cat# P4832 for suspension cells)
Orbital shaker (optional)
Deionized or sterile water

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Step	Procedure
1.	Seed 200 µL of 20,000 adherent cells in culture medium in each well of a 96-well plate. The plates included in the kit are sterile and treated for cell culture. For suspension cells and loosely attached cells, coat the plates with 100 µL of 10 µg/ml Poly-L-Lysine (not included) to each well of a 96-well plate for 30 minutes at 37°C prior to adding cells.
2.	Incubate the cells for overnight at 37°C, 5% CO2.
3.	Treat the cells as desired.
4.	Remove the cell culture medium and rinse with 200 µL of 1x TBS, twice.
5.	Fix the cells by incubating with 100 µL of Fixing Solution for 20 minutes at room temperature. The 4% formaldehyde is used for adherent cells and 8% formaldehyde is used for suspension cells and loosely attached cells.
6.	Remove the Fixing Solution and wash the plate 3 times with 200 µL 1x Wash Buffer for five minutes each time with gentle shaking on the orbital shaker. The plate can be stored at 4°C for a week.
7.	Add 100 µL of Quenching Buffer and incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature.
8.	Wash the plate 3 times with 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
9.	Add 200 µL of Blocking Buffer and incubate for 1 hour at room temperature.
10.	Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
11.	Add 50 µL of 1x primary antibodies (Anti-FAS ligand Antibody and/or Anti-GAPDH Antibody) to the corresponding wells, cover with Parafilm and incubate for 16 hours (overnight) at 4°C. If the target expression is known to be high, incubate for 2 hours at room temperature.
12.	Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
13.	Add 50 µL of 1x secondary antibodies (HRP-Conjugated AntiRabbit IgG Antibody or HRP-Conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody) to corresponding wells and incubate for 1.5 hours at room temperature.
14.	Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
15.	Add 50 µL of Ready-to-Use Substrate to each well and incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature in the dark.
16.	Add 50 µL of Stop Solution to each well and read OD at 450 nm immediately using the microplate reader.

(Additional Crystal Violet staining may be performed if desired – details of this may be found in the kit technical manual.)