EFNA4 Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit (CBCAB00632)

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Description

EFNA4 Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit

The EFNA4 Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit offered by Assay Genie is a cutting-edge tool designed for the accurate detection of EFNA4 levels in cell lysates and cell culture supernatants. This kit boasts high sensitivity and specificity, providing researchers with reliable and reproducible results for a variety of research applications.EFNA4, also known as ephrin-A4, is a crucial protein involved in cell signaling and communication, playing a significant role in various biological processes such as cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Dysregulation of EFNA4 has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, inflammatory disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, making it a valuable biomarker for studying disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.

The EFNA4 Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit is a valuable tool for researchers looking to investigate the role of EFNA4 in various cellular processes and disease states. With its high sensitivity and specificity, this kit offers precise and accurate measurement of EFNA4 levels, making it an essential addition to any research laboratory.

Product Name:	EFNA4 Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit
Product Code:	CBCAB00632
ELISA Type:	Cell-Based
Target:	EFNA4
Reactivity:	Human, Mouse
Dynamic Range:	> 5000 Cells
Detection Method:	Colorimetric 450 nmStorage/Stability:4°C/6 Months
Format:	96-Well Microplate

The EFNA4 Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit is a convenient, lysate-free, high throughput and sensitive assay kit that can detect EFNA4 protein expression profile in cells. The kit can be used for measuring the relative amounts of EFNA4 in cultured cells as well as screening for the effects that various treatments, inhibitors (ie siRNA or chemicals), or activators have on EFNA4.

Qualitative determination of EFNA4 concentration is achieved by an indirect ELISA format. In essence, EFNA4 is captured by EFNA4-specific primary antibodies while the HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies bind the Fc region of the primary antibody. Through this binding, the HRP enzyme conjugated to the secondary antibody can catalyze a colorimetric reaction upon substrate addition. Due to the qualitative nature of the Cell-Based ELISA, multiple normalization methods are needed:

1.	A monoclonal antibody specific for human GAPDH is included to serve as an internal positive control in normalizing the target absorbance values.
2.	Following the colorimetric measurement of HRP activity via substrate addition, the Crystal Violet whole-cell staining method may be used to determine cell density. After staining, the results can be analysed by normalizing the absorbance values to cell amounts, by which the plating difference can be adjusted.

Database Information:	Gene ID: 1945, UniProt ID: P52798, OMIM: 601380, Unigene: Hs.449913/Hs.639422
Gene Symbol:	EFNA4
Sub Type:	None

UniProt Protein Function:	EFNA4: Cell surface GPI-bound ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. May play a role in the interaction between activated B-lymphocytes and dendritic cells in tonsils. Belongs to the ephrin family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Ligand, receptor tyrosine kinase; Membrane protein, GPI anchor Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q21-q22 Cellular Component: extracellular region; integral to plasma membrane; plasma membrane Molecular Function:ephrin receptor binding; protein binding; transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity Biological Process: axon guidance; cell-cell signaling; ephrin receptor signaling pathway
NCBI Summary:	This gene encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNA class ephrin. Three transcript variants that encode distinct proteins have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Code:	P52798
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	3821237
NCBI Gene ID:	1945
NCBI Accession:	CAA06993.1
UniProt Secondary Accession:	P52798,O95457, Q5SR71, Q6FI57, C9JHJ8, G3XAK2,
UniProt Related Accession:	P52798
Molecular Weight:	22,584 Da
NCBI Full Name:	ephrin-A4
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	ephrin-A4
NCBI Official Symbol:	EFNA4
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	EFL4; EPLG4; LERK4
NCBI Protein Information:	ephrin-A4
UniProt Protein Name:	Ephrin-A4
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	EPH-related receptor tyrosine kinase ligand 4; LERK-4
Protein Family:	Ephrin
UniProt Gene Name:	EFNA4
UniProt Entry Name:	EFNA4_HUMAN

Component	Quantity
96-Well Cell Culture Clear-Bottom Microplate	2 plates
10X TBS	24 mL
Quenching Buffer	24 mL
Blocking Buffer	50 mL
15X Wash Buffer	50 mL
Primary Antibody Diluent	12 mL
100x Anti-Phospho Target Antibody	60 µL
100x Anti-Target Antibody	60 µL
Anti-GAPDH Antibody	60 µL
HRP-Conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Antibody	12 mL
HRP-Conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody	12 mL
SDS Solution	12 mL
Stop Solution	24 mL
Ready-to-Use Substrate	12 mL
Crystal Violet Solution	12 mL
Adhesive Plate Seals	2 seals

The following materials and/or equipment are NOT provided in this kit but are necessary to successfully conduct the experiment:

Microplate reader able to measure absorbance at 450 nm and/or 595 nm for Crystal Violet Cell Staining (Optional)
Micropipettes with capability of measuring volumes ranging from 1 µL to 1 ml
37% formaldehyde (Sigma Cat# F-8775) or formaldehyde from other sources
Squirt bottle, manifold dispenser, multichannel pipette reservoir or automated microplate washer
Graph paper or computer software capable of generating or displaying logarithmic functions
Absorbent papers or vacuum aspirator
Test tubes or microfuge tubes capable of storing ≥1 ml
Poly-L-Lysine (Sigma Cat# P4832 for suspension cells)
Orbital shaker (optional)
Deionized or sterile water

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Step	Procedure
1.	Seed 200 µL of 20,000 adherent cells in culture medium in each well of a 96-well plate. The plates included in the kit are sterile and treated for cell culture. For suspension cells and loosely attached cells, coat the plates with 100 µL of 10 µg/ml Poly-L-Lysine (not included) to each well of a 96-well plate for 30 minutes at 37°C prior to adding cells.
2.	Incubate the cells for overnight at 37°C, 5% CO2.
3.	Treat the cells as desired.
4.	Remove the cell culture medium and rinse with 200 µL of 1x TBS, twice.
5.	Fix the cells by incubating with 100 µL of Fixing Solution for 20 minutes at room temperature. The 4% formaldehyde is used for adherent cells and 8% formaldehyde is used for suspension cells and loosely attached cells.
6.	Remove the Fixing Solution and wash the plate 3 times with 200 µL 1x Wash Buffer for five minutes each time with gentle shaking on the orbital shaker. The plate can be stored at 4°C for a week.
7.	Add 100 µL of Quenching Buffer and incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature.
8.	Wash the plate 3 times with 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
9.	Add 200 µL of Blocking Buffer and incubate for 1 hour at room temperature.
10.	Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
11.	Add 50 µL of 1x primary antibodies (Anti-EFNA4 Antibody and/or Anti-GAPDH Antibody) to the corresponding wells, cover with Parafilm and incubate for 16 hours (overnight) at 4°C. If the target expression is known to be high, incubate for 2 hours at room temperature.
12.	Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
13.	Add 50 µL of 1x secondary antibodies (HRP-Conjugated AntiRabbit IgG Antibody or HRP-Conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody) to corresponding wells and incubate for 1.5 hours at room temperature.
14.	Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
15.	Add 50 µL of Ready-to-Use Substrate to each well and incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature in the dark.
16.	Add 50 µL of Stop Solution to each well and read OD at 450 nm immediately using the microplate reader.

(Additional Crystal Violet staining may be performed if desired – details of this may be found in the kit technical manual.)